Special Fungal Community Structure Formed by Typical Halophytes in the Rhizosphere Soil Under the Synergistic Action of Different Saline and Alkaline Environments

IF 3.9 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Qian Zhou, Jilian Wang, Tian Zhang, Mingyuan Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

To adapt to a habitat, halophytes growing at the same saline–alkali levels develop their unique rhizosphere microbial communities, whereas same plant species growing at different saline–alkali levels have different rhizosphere microbial communities. Therefore, understanding the rhizosphere microbial community structure of halophytes in different saline–alkali soils can help explore the microbial diversity and functional potential of important soil microorganisms. In this study, rhizosphere soils of three typical halophytes, namely, Halocnemum strobilaceum, Phragmites communis, and Halostachys caspica, growing at severe, heavy, and moderate saline–alkali soils, respectively, were collected from southern Xinjiang. The community structure and physicochemical properties of fungal species in the total nine rhizosphere soils were investigated. Furthermore, the differences in the fungal community structure, diversity, and ecological functions were analyzed in terms of the extent of saline–alkali level and host plant specificity. Rhizosphere soils in the nine habitats had different physicochemical properties. In terms of host plant type, rhizosphere fungal species diversity and richness were the highest in P. communis, followed by H. caspica and H. strobilaceum. The fungal community diversity and richness followed the pattern of moderate > severe > heavy in different soil salinity and alkali types. Although the three host plants had similar rhizosphere fungal community structures under moderate and heavy saline–alkali conditions, these varied significantly under extremely severe saline–alkali conditions. In total, 315 species were identified across all samples, and they were affiliated with 12 phyla, 37 classes, 69 orders, 138 families, and 244 genera. The number of jointly owned ASVs was 189. In the nine habitats, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla, while Alternaria, Neocamarosporium, Filobasidium, and Acremonium were the common dominant genera. A prediction of fungal community functions revealed pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph and saprotrophs to be dominant. At the same saline–alkali level, the functional clustering distance of fungal communities was closer. Factors such as soil organic matter (SOM), available nitrogen (AN), electronic conductivity (EC), and pH contributed to the distribution of microbial communities. This study revealed both similarities and distinctions in the composition of fungal communities within the rhizosphere soils of the three typical halophytes thriving in various saline–alkali habitats. At moderate and heavy saline–alkali levels, the fungal community structures were markedly influenced by the severity of salinity and alkalinity. In extremely severe saline–alkali soils, the host plant type significantly affected the fungal community structure. Ultimately, these findings lay a theoretical foundation for the improvement of soil and crop yield in saline–alkali land.

Abstract Image

不同盐碱环境协同作用下根瘤土壤中典型卤叶植物形成的特殊真菌群落结构
为了适应生境,生长在同一盐碱地的卤叶植物会形成其独特的根圈微生物群落,而生长在不同盐碱地的同一植物物种则具有不同的根圈微生物群落。因此,了解不同盐碱地中卤叶植物的根瘤微生物群落结构有助于探索重要土壤微生物的多样性和功能潜力。本研究从新疆南部采集了生长在重度、中度和重度盐碱地的三种典型盐碱地植物根瘤菌群落土壤,分别为Halocnemum strobilaceum、Phragmites communis和Halostachys caspica。研究了九种根圈土壤中真菌的群落结构和理化性质。此外,还从盐碱程度和寄主植物特异性的角度分析了真菌群落结构、多样性和生态功能的差异。九个生境的根瘤土壤具有不同的理化性质。从寄主植物类型来看,根瘤菌群落的真菌物种多样性和丰富度以 P. communis 最高,其次是 H. caspica 和 H. strobilaceum。真菌群落多样性和丰富度在不同的土壤盐碱度类型中呈现出中度、重度和重度的模式。虽然在中度和重度盐碱条件下,三种寄主植物的根瘤菌群落结构相似,但在极重度盐碱条件下,这些群落结构却有很大差异。所有样本中共鉴定出 315 个物种,它们分别隶属于 12 个门、37 个类、69 个目、138 个科和 244 个属。共同拥有的 ASV 数量为 189 个。在九个生境中,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)是优势菌门,而交替孢属(Alternaria)、新金孢属(Neocamarosporium)、丝孢属(Filobasidium)和cremonium属(Acremonium)是常见的优势属。对真菌群落功能的预测显示,嗜病菌-嗜副真菌-嗜共生真菌和嗜副真菌占优势。在相同的盐碱度下,真菌群落的功能聚类距离更近。土壤有机质(SOM)、可利用氮(AN)、电子电导率(EC)和 pH 值等因素对微生物群落的分布有一定影响。这项研究揭示了生长在不同盐碱地的三种典型卤叶植物根瘤土壤中真菌群落组成的相似性和差异性。在中度和重度盐碱地中,真菌群落结构明显受到盐度和碱度严重程度的影响。在极度严重的盐碱土壤中,寄主植物类型对真菌群落结构有显著影响。这些发现最终为改善盐碱地土壤和提高作物产量奠定了理论基础。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
6.20%
发文量
312
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Plant Growth Regulation is an international publication featuring original articles on all aspects of plant growth and development. We welcome manuscripts reporting question-based research on various aspects of plant growth and development using hormonal, physiological, environmental, genetic, biophysical, developmental and/or molecular approaches. The journal also publishes timely reviews on highly relevant areas and/or studies in plant growth and development, including interdisciplinary work with an emphasis on plant growth, plant hormones and plant pathology or abiotic stress. In addition, the journal features occasional thematic issues with special guest editors, as well as brief communications describing novel techniques and meeting reports. The journal is unlikely to accept manuscripts that are purely descriptive in nature or reports work with simple tissue culture without attempting to investigate the underlying mechanisms of plant growth regulation, those that focus exclusively on microbial communities, or deal with the (elicitation by plant hormones of) synthesis of secondary metabolites.
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