Unveiling the Role of Bioaerosols in Climate Processes: A Mini Review

IF 2.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Kiran Kumari, Shweta Yadav
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bioaerosols influence the climate processes, human health and overall ecosystem. Their type, concentration and diversity have important implications on various atmospheric processes however the limited understanding of bioaerosols-cloud-climate connection has resulted in existing uncertainty in climate models. Bioaerosols as ice nucleating particles (INPs) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) govern precipitation initiation, cloud formation and thus the complex hydrological cycle. Homogeneous nucleation takes place at colder temperatures (< − 38 ℃), while owing to their unique properties, certain ice nucleating bioaerosols can initiate freezing at much warmer temperatures (≧ − 10 °C) and thus are important for precipitation initiation through heterogenous nucleation mechanism. Flux of bioaerosols from diverse terrestrial and marine sources lead to their build-up in the atmosphere but rare bioaerosols act as CCN and INP. These rare characteristics of bioaerosols remain largely unexplored and need further attention and research. This work presents fundamental insights on the role of bioaerosols in cloud formation and ice nucleation mechanism along with an overview on the types, diversity and sources of bioaerosols. Most studies reviewed here on bioaerosol-cloud-climate connections are restricted to from specific research groups. Bioaerosol research is still in evolving stage and limited usage of advanced techniques of sampling and characterization is noticed particularly in developing countries. Lack of even baseline database on bioaerosols has resulted in poor understanding of their implications. The discussion presented here on species level information of cloud forming and ice nucleating bioaerosols will help researchers in developing fundamental understanding on characteristics and implications of bioaerosols. Bioaerosol research is expensive and thus joint campaigns by researchers from interdisciplinary areas should be encouraged. Application of high-throughput sequencing allows rapid taxonomic identification and such modern molecular methods should be routinely used for understanding implications of bioaerosols on climate as well as human health.

Abstract Image

揭示生物气溶胶在气候过程中的作用:小型回顾
生物气溶胶影响气候过程、人类健康和整个生态系统。生物气溶胶的类型、浓度和多样性对各种大气过程具有重要影响,但由于对生物气溶胶-云-气候之间的联系了解有限,导致气候模型中存在不确定性。生物气溶胶作为冰核粒子(INPs)和云凝结核(CCN)控制着降水的形成和云的形成,进而控制着复杂的水文循环。均质成核发生在较低的温度下(- 38 ℃),而某些冰核生物气溶胶由于其独特的性质,可以在更高的温度下(≧ - 10 ℃)开始结冰,因此通过异质成核机制对降水的形成非常重要。来自不同陆地和海洋来源的生物气溶胶通量导致其在大气中积聚,但也有极少数生物气溶胶起到了 CCN 和 INP 的作用。生物气溶胶的这些罕见特性在很大程度上仍未得到探索,需要进一步关注和研究。这项工作介绍了生物气溶胶在云形成和冰成核机制中的作用,以及生物气溶胶的类型、多样性和来源。本文所综述的关于生物气溶胶-云-气候关系的研究大多局限于特定研究小组。生物气溶胶研究仍处于发展阶段,特别是在发展中国家,先进采样和特征描述技术的使用有限。由于缺乏有关生物气溶胶的基准数据库,人们对其影响的了解也很有限。本文就成云生物气溶胶和成冰生物气溶胶的物种信息进行的讨论将有助于研究人员从根本上了解生物气溶胶的特征和影响。生物气溶胶研究费用昂贵,因此应鼓励跨学科领域的研究人员开展联合研究。应用高通量测序可以快速进行分类鉴定,这种现代分子方法应常规用于了解生物气溶胶对气候和人类健康的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
104
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.
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