Optimizing physical quantities of ferrite hybrid nanofluid via response surface methodology: Sensitivity and spectral analyses

Abstract

This study analyses the sensitivity analysis of the friction factor and heat transfer rate within a hybrid nanoliquid flow of 20W40 motor oil (a base liquid that has been characterized by the Society of Automotive Engineers) + nickel zinc ferrite- manganese zinc ferrite over a stretchable sheet utilizing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) along with irreversibility analysis. The melting phenomenon with buoyancy effect has been considered. Hybrid nanofluids exhibit improved thermal connectivity, enhanced mechanical resilience, favorable aspect ratios, and superior thermal conductivity when compared to conventional nanofluids. The system of governing equations is transformed into dimensionless form using the Lie group approach. Numerical computations are performed utilizing the spectral local linearization method. It is demonstrated that the Nusselt number and friction drag are decreased due to the increase of manganese and nickel zinc ferrites particles in the fluid. Further, the melting parameter reduces entropy generation by 41.16% and the viscous dissipation parameter minimizes surface friction. Sensitivity analysis, conducted through RSM, reveals that skin friction and the Nusselt number are positively sensitive to the melting parameter. The numerical solutions have been compared with the available results along with error estimations, which show excellent agreement. Comparison of both hybrid nanofluids are displayed graphically. Finally, this work has many uses such as microwave and biomedical applications, electromagnetic interfaces, melting, and welding operations which are the most significant manufacturing applications important in various sectors such as cooling systems of nuclear reactors.