Solid Formulation of Trichoderma virens for the Management of Banana Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum musae

M. A. Madushani, T. Priyadarshani, K. W. A. Madhushan, H. R. G. Tharaka, G. D. N. Menike, P. A. Weerasinghe, U. Sirisena, D. M. D. Dissanayake
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Abstract

Trichoderma spp. widely used as biocontrol agents for controllin g a wide range of plant diseases. Banana anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum musae is a prominent, widely distributed postharvest disease. This study was carried ou t to assess the effectiveness of locally isolated Trichoderma virens against C. musae and the mass producti on of T. virens using locally available, low-cost solid substrates. T. virens was tested for the inhibition of C. musae isolate in -vitro and in-vivo by dual plating and inoculating into two varieties of ripened banana: Kolikuttu and Cavendish, respectively. For mass production, T. virens was inoculated into different solid substrates including scraped coconut  waste, sawdust, tea waste, seeds from rice, finger millet, and maize, dried pieces of water hyacinth plant, paddy straw, and Panicum maximum leaves; regularly taken spore co unts (cfu/g) and checked for viability by plating after 12 weeks of storage. The pathogen inhibition percentag e by T. virens was 74.10%. Disease severity was 0% in Kolikuttu and 19% in Cavendish after 5 days of T. virens spore appli cation (1x107 spores/ml). Significantly higher (p≤0.05) mean spore production resulted in rice seeds (9.345x109 spores/g) compared to the other substrates and the least resulted in sawdust (1.808x109 spores/g) at the 8th week after  T. virens inoculation. Spores of T. virens were viable in all the tested substrates throughout the study period. The results conclude that T. virens is capable of controlling banana anthracnose and can be efficiently mass-produced by using rice seeds, dried pieces of P. maximum leaves, and f inger millet seeds as substrates.
用于防治由 Colletotrichum musae 引起的香蕉炭疽病的 Virens 毛霉菌固体制剂
毛霉属被广泛用作生物控制剂,用于控制多种植物病害。由 Colletotrichum musae 引起的香蕉炭疽病是一种突出的、广泛分布的收获后病害。本研究旨在评估当地分离的毛霉菌对蕈蚊炭疽病的防治效果,以及利用当地可用的低成本固体基质大规模生产毛霉菌的情况。通过将毛霉菌接种到两个品种的成熟香蕉中,在体外和体内测试了毛霉菌对蕈蚊分离菌的抑制作用:Kolikuttu 和 Cavendish。在大规模生产中,T. virens 被接种到不同的固体基质中,包括刮下的椰子废料、锯末、茶叶废料、水稻、黍和玉米种子、风信子植物干片、稻草和秫秸叶,定期采集孢子数(cfu/g),并在储存 12 周后通过平板检测其存活率。T. virens 对病原体的抑制率为 74.10%。施用 T. virens 孢子(1x107 孢子/毫升)5 天后,Kolikuttu 的病害严重程度为 0%,Cavendish 为 19%。与其他基质相比,稻种的平均孢子产量(9.345x109 个孢子/克)明显更高(p≤0.05),而在接种病毒后第 8 周,锯屑的平均孢子产量最低(1.808x109 个孢子/克)。在整个研究期间,T. virens 的孢子在所有测试的基质中都能存活。结果得出结论,T. virens 能够控制香蕉炭疽病,并且可以使用水稻种子、最大鳞叶干片和粟种子作为基质进行有效的大规模生产。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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