ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНІ ЗМІНИ НА РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ВИКЛИКИ

Abstract

The state and dynamics of changes in the labor market of Ukraine, caused by the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, require prompt monitoring and their consideration when developing modernization programs focused on the needs of the recovery of the national economy, the priorities of the country's integration into the European Union, taking into account the trends in the functioning of the global labor market. The purpose of the article is to monitor transformational changes in the labor market of Ukraine under martial law. The subject of the study is the trends and challenges of the labor market of Ukraine. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, comparison, grouping and analogies, deduction. The hypothesis of the study is that the effectiveness of the modernization mechanism of the further functioning of the labor market depends on the scale and direction of the trends of transformational changes, which are reflected in the trends and challenges that have a high specific capacity of behavioral aspects. Presenting main material. The article identifies the reasons for the significant increase in the imbalance in the functioning of the labor market, which mainly occurred due to the mass migration of the population and the relocation of enterprises from the occupied territories to the western and central regions of the country, but at the same time, employers feel the presence of personnel hunger, which they seek to cover with little competition in pay labor. It has been established that, in general, the type of labor market functioning with a shortage of qualified personnel persists. The conducted analysis made it possible to determine relevant processes for the wartime functioning of the labor market of Ukraine, which consist in a significant reduction in employment; changes in the structure of the country's labor potential due to the large-scale internal and external migration of the population and the increase of internally displaced persons in the structure of the labor force supply; dissatisfaction with the needs of the working population; activation of mobilization processes provoked negative dynamics of informal employment; manifestations of differentiation in the level of wages and job offers regionally and by gender. Originality and practical significance of the research. The practical value of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results allow to objectify the processes of transformational changes in the labor market of Ukraine in wartime conditions, to characterize the current and prospective challenges of its functioning in the system of the national economy. Research conclusions. The impact of war events on the country's national economy was primarily reflected in the reduction of production capabilities, changes in the structure of the available labor force, the destruction of enterprises, the deterioration of the dynamics of the functioning of the labor market, and the crisis-related deterioration of the regulatory mechanism of labor market institutions. In the context of research perspectives, the monitoring of the consequences of martial law for social and economic spheres, providing spheres of human capital development, market relations, internal and external policy of the state remains an important operational task. In further investigations, the identified threats and risks can be used to develop programs for regulating processes and resources in the labor market.