Optimal scheduling of the stand‐alone micro grids considering the reliability cost

Abstract

In order to prevent wastage of generated power of renewable resources, the energy storage systems can be utilized in the stand‐alone micro grids to store the excess produced power of the renewable generation units. When the generated power of the renewable resources is less than the required load, the energy storage systems can help to compensate all or part of the power shortage. In the current study, a stand‐alone micro grid including wind and tidal turbines, PV systems, batteries and fuel‐based generation units is considered to supply the required load of the micro grid. The generated power of each dispatch‐able generation units is determined in such a way as to minimize the operating cost. In the operating cost of the micro grid, the operating cost of the fuel‐based generation units and the reliability cost associated to the penalty of the curtailed loads are considered. To calculate the reliability cost of the micro grid, a comprehensive reliability evaluation of the micro grid considering the resource‐dependent failure rates for all composed components is performed. To study the effectiveness of the proposed reliability‐based scheduling approach, the numerical results associated to a stand‐alone micro grid containing wind, tidal, PV and fuel‐based generation units connected to the batteries are given.