Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hepar Mencit BALB/c

R. Ririn, Wicaksaning Dyah Pamungki, Fitri Mustiko Ningsih
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Abstract

Avocado leaf ethanol extract as a traditional medicine has been proven to have various pharmacological activities, but the safety of its use is not yet known. This study aims to determine the range of LD50 values, toxic symptoms, changes in body weight, and SGPT SGOT levels of Balb/c mice. The research was carried out experimentally using a fixed dose toxicity test method with a randomized matched pre and post-test control group design. EEDA is made by 70% ethanol maceration. The acute toxicity test consists of 2 stages: preliminary and main tests. Preliminary tests were carried out with a dose of extract 300 mg/kg BW once administered. After 24 hours of observation, there were no toxic symptoms, the test dose was increased to 2000 mg/kg BW. The main test was carried out using 10 test animals which were divided into 2 groups, each given a dose of extract 2000 mg/kg BW once and CMC Na 1% (negative control). Observation of toxic symptoms and death was carried out for 14 days. The LD50 value is determined from the results of toxic symptoms and death of test animals. Toxic symptoms were analyzed descriptively, and changes in body weight and SGOT SGPT levels were analyzed statistically (95% confidence level). The research results show that avocado leaf ethanol extract has an LD50 value range of >2000 mg/kg BW. The test dose of 2000 mg/kg BW did not cause toxic symptoms and death. SGOT and SGPT levels were still within normal limits, however, changes in SGPT levels were significantly different from controls. Thus, an extract dose of 2000 mg/kg BW has an acute toxic effect on the liver of mice.
鳄梨叶乙醇提取物(Persea americana Mill.)的急性毒性试验及其对 BALB/c 小鼠肝脏的影响
牛油果叶乙醇提取物作为一种传统药物,已被证实具有多种药理活性,但其使用的安全性尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定牛油果叶乙醇提取物对 Balb/c 小鼠的半数致死剂量范围、毒性症状、体重变化和 SGPT SGOT 水平。研究采用固定剂量毒性试验法进行实验,并设计了随机匹配的试验前和试验后对照组。EEDA 由 70% 的乙醇浸泡制成。急性毒性试验包括两个阶段:初步试验和主要试验。初步试验的剂量为一次给药 300 毫克/千克体重。观察 24 小时后,如无中毒症状,试验剂量增加到 2000 毫克/千克体重。主要试验使用 10 只试验动物,分为两组,每组一次给予 2000 毫克/千克体重的提取物和 1%的 CMC Na(阴性对照)。观察中毒症状和死亡情况 14 天。根据试验动物的中毒症状和死亡结果确定半数致死剂量。对中毒症状进行描述性分析,对体重和 SGOT SGPT 水平的变化进行统计分析(95% 置信度)。研究结果表明,鳄梨叶乙醇提取物的半数致死剂量范围大于 2000 毫克/千克体重。试验剂量为 2000 毫克/千克体重,并未导致中毒症状和死亡。SGOT 和 SGPT 水平仍在正常范围内,但 SGPT 水平的变化与对照组有显著差异。因此,2000 毫克/千克体重的提取物剂量会对小鼠的肝脏产生急性毒性作用。
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