An Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Common Zingiber officinale Cultivars Grown in Sri Lanka

Kasuni Pamoda Dharmapala, Ranjani Amarakoon
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Abstract

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has long been a therapeutic agent in traditional medicine systems worldwide and is a leading drug candidate in the pharmaceutical industry. In Sri Lanka, many forms of ginger are often used in the food industry, mainly as a spice; it also plays a vital role in the Ayurvedic medicine system. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the two most cultivated cultivars of Zingiber officinale in Sri Lanka, the Sri Lankan (TG) and Chinese (CG) cultivars. Two types of extracts (ethanol and aqueous) were obtained from the rhizomes of each cultivar. The potential antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested against three types of pathogenic test organisms, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Salmonella typhi DSM 17058, and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, using the agar well diffusion method along with positive control, chloramphenicol, and negative controls, 95% ethanol or distilled water. In conclusion, both Zingiber officinale cultivars exhibit varying antimicrobial potential, with ethanol extracts showing stronger activity than aqueous ones. None of the extracts was effective against Escherichia coli. The agar dilution method determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each ginger extract. Among the extracts, ethanol extracts showed higher effectivity than aqueous extracts, where all test organisms showed inhibition at a concentration of 20 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the Chinese cultivar outperforms the Sri Lankan cultivar against target organisms, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus.
对斯里兰卡种植的常见姜科植物抗菌活性的评估
生姜(Zingiber officinale)长期以来一直是全球传统医学体系中的一种治疗药物,也是制药业中的一种主要候选药物。在斯里兰卡,多种形式的生姜经常用于食品工业,主要作为香料;它在阿育吠陀医学体系中也发挥着重要作用。本研究评估了斯里兰卡栽培最多的两种姜(斯里兰卡姜(TG)和中国姜(CG))的抗菌活性。每种栽培品种的根茎都有两种提取物(乙醇提取物和水提取物)。采用琼脂井扩散法以及阳性对照氯霉素和阴性对照 95% 乙醇或蒸馏水,对金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 25923)、伤寒沙门氏菌(DSM 17058)和大肠杆菌(ATCC 25922)这三种病原体的潜在抗菌活性进行了测试。总之,两种药用刺五加都表现出不同的抗菌潜力,乙醇提取物的活性强于水提取物。没有一种提取物对大肠杆菌有效。琼脂稀释法测定了每种生姜提取物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。在这些提取物中,乙醇提取物比水提取物显示出更高的效力,当浓度为 20 毫克/毫升时,所有测试生物都显示出抑制作用。中国栽培品种对目标生物、伤寒沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性优于斯里兰卡栽培品种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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