Simulation of Hydrogen Combustion in Spark Ignition Engines Using a Modified Wiebe Model

O. Osetrov, Rainer Haas
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Abstract

Due to its physical and chemical properties, hydrogen is an attractive fuel for internal combustion engines, providing grounds for studies on hydrogen engines. It is common practice to use a mathematical model for basic engine design and an essential part of this is the simulation of the combustion cycle, which is the subject of the work presented here. One of the most widely used models for describing combustion in gasoline and diesel engines is the Wiebe model. However, for cases of hydrogen combustion in DI engines, which are characterized by mixture stratification and in some cases significant incomplete combustion, practically no data can be found in the literature on the application of the Wiebe model. Based on Wiebe’s formulas, a mathematical model of hydrogen combustion has been developed. The model allows making computations for both DI and PFI hydrogen engines. The parameters of the Wiebe model were assessed for three different engines in a total of 26 operating modes. The modified base model considers the significant incompleteness of hydrogen combustion, which occurs at high air/fuel equivalence ratio. For PFI and DI hydrogen engines, equations and numerical values for the Wiebe model coefficients were determined to describe the dynamic and duration of combustion. Based on our simulation results we suggest using the sum of two Wiebe curves to describe combustion in zones with a lean mixture in DI engines. This allows a more accurate characterization of the combustion dynamics and pressure curves. In order to model a double hydrogen injection, we suggest using the sum of three Wiebe curves representing the combustion of the first injection in the flame front, the diffusion combustion of the second injection, and the relatively slow combustion in lean mixture zones. In the paper, we present a method for selecting the coefficients of each of the Wiebe curves.
使用修改后的 Wiebe 模型模拟火花点火发动机中的氢气燃烧
由于其物理和化学特性,氢气是一种极具吸引力的内燃机燃料,这为氢气发动机的研究提供了基础。通常的做法是使用数学模型进行发动机的基本设计,其中一个重要部分是模拟燃烧循环,这也是本文所介绍的工作的主题。用于描述汽油和柴油发动机燃烧的最广泛的模型之一是 Wiebe 模型。然而,对于 DI 发动机中的氢气燃烧,其特点是混合气分层,在某些情况下会出现严重的不完全燃烧,在文献中几乎找不到关于 Wiebe 模型应用的数据。根据 Wiebe 的公式,我们建立了一个氢气燃烧数学模型。该模型可用于 DI 和 PFI 氢气发动机的计算。在总共 26 种运行模式下,对三种不同发动机的 Wiebe 模型参数进行了评估。修改后的基本模型考虑了氢燃烧的显著不完整性,这种不完整性发生在高空气/燃料当量比的情况下。针对 PFI 和 DI 氢气发动机,确定了维伯模型系数的方程和数值,以描述燃烧的动态和持续时间。根据我们的模拟结果,我们建议使用两条 Wiebe 曲线之和来描述 DI 发动机贫混合气区域的燃烧情况。这样可以更准确地描述燃烧动态和压力曲线。为了建立双氢喷射模型,我们建议使用三条维伯曲线之和,分别代表火焰前沿的第一次喷射燃烧、第二次喷射的扩散燃烧以及贫混合气区中相对缓慢的燃烧。在本文中,我们提出了一种选择各维伯曲线系数的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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