Ventilação não invasiva em pessoas internadas em serviços de medicina: Estudo retrospetivo

Natália Silva, C. Baptista, Elsa Melo, João Tavares
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Abstract

Background: Non-invasive ventilation is a therapeutic strategy for patients with acute respiratory failure. Objective: To analyze the relationship between the sociodemographic and clinical variables of patients hospitalized in internal medicine services and the adaptation to and complications of non-invasive ventilation. Methodology: A retrospective observational cohort study was carried out with a sample of 239 patients. Data were collected from electronic records in the information system SClínico , using a data extraction guide. Results: A total of 25.1% of the participants did not adapt to non-invasive ventilation, and this was significantly associated with oral feeding, confusion, and the use of mechanical restraint measures. Complications occurred in 33.5% of the sample. The most frequent complications were secretions, nasal injuries, and vomiting. There was a statistically significant association between the number of complications and patients fed by nasogastric tube, confused, with mechanical restraint measures, and wearing an oronasal mask. Conclusion: The monitoring of patients on non-invasive ventilation should be carried out by a specialized nursing team. Protocols should be implemented to prevent complications and promote patient adaptation to non-invasive ventilation.
医疗服务机构住院病人的无创通气:回顾性研究
背景:无创通气是急性呼吸衰竭患者的一种治疗策略。研究目的分析内科住院患者的社会人口学和临床变量与无创通气的适应性和并发症之间的关系。方法:采用回顾性队列观察法:以 239 名患者为样本开展了一项回顾性观察队列研究。数据来自 SClínico 信息系统的电子记录,并使用了数据提取指南。研究结果共有 25.1% 的参与者不适应无创通气,这与口服喂养、意识模糊和使用机械约束措施有很大关系。33.5%的样本出现了并发症。最常见的并发症是分泌物、鼻腔损伤和呕吐。并发症的数量与鼻胃管喂养、意识模糊、使用机械约束措施和佩戴口鼻面罩的患者有明显的统计学关联。结论无创通气患者的监护应由专业护理团队负责。应实施相关规程以预防并发症,促进患者适应无创通气。
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