Chemistry for next-generation diagnostics: Key factors in the development of medical biosensors

Abstract

Biosensors have been profiled as potential next-generation diagnostic technologies, offering excellent clinical performance, wide versatility, and integration in miniaturized devices for on-site and portable analysis. But the sensor biofunctionalization, the way bioreceptors are immobilized on the sensor chip, is still an unresolved challenge that demands for specific research in surface chemistry strategies and the use of novel nanomaterials. We provide a brief overview of the key factors driving the improvement of medical biosensors, with a special focus on the current limitations in sensor surface modification and the direct analysis of human samples. We conclude the successful implementation of cutting-edge diagnostic biosensors will only be possible through the collaborative synergy of different sciences, including physics, biology, engineering, and certainly chemistry.