Viral Hepatitis Prevalence among Tribal and Non-Tribal Hospitalised Patients in Northeast India with a Note on its Prevalence before and During COVID-19

European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI:10.9734/ejnfs/2024/v16i71483

Harpreet Kaur, B. Borkakoty, K. Lynrah, Tapan Majumdar, Khumukcham Lokeshwar Singh, Basumoti Apum, Sangit Dutta, Lalrothuama, Temsu, Y. Verma, Subhash Medhi, P. Sadhukhan, V. Karra, V. Kamal, Sriram Kannan, Amit Solanki, Mamta Singh, Anjan Jyoti Talukdar, C J Lyngdoh, Phukan Ac, Nalini Sharma, Anup Kumar Das, B. J. Saikia, Kanagasabai Kaliaperumal, Rajarshi Gupta, Lokhendra Singh, Ajanta Sharma, Tanma Saikia Das, Tanwir Alam, Kharibam Paikhomba Singh, Pradip Bhaumick, Jahar Lalbaidya, Star Pala, Md Ghaznavi Idris, Lalchhandama C, Lalawmpuia, Temsusashi, Amlan Gupta, Chhophellamtha S, D. Biswas, Tali T, Tatak Obi, Moumita Majumdar, Wasifa Parween, Namita Deb, Neelanjana Sarmah, Simanta Kalita, Partha Pratim Das, Romi Khangembam, Asang Jamir, Lalmuansangi C, Roza Larilang Marbaniang

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Abstract

Background: India is rich in tribal population including north-east India. This research of ours is based on viral hepatitis diagnosis (HBV, HCV, HDV. HAV. HEV) and prevalence in the eight north eastern states of India (namely Assam, Arunachal, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Meghalaya, Manipur, and Mizoram) that are in locations bordering other countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal. The article intercompares the viral hepatitis prevalence pattern in tribal and non-tribal patients in the north eastern states of India as well as the overall prevalence pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19. Methodology: This cross-sectional study data on prevalence of viral hepatitis conducted in the 8 north eastern states of India between 2018-2022 has data. two years before the onset of COVID-19 (2018-2019) and 2 years during the COVID-19 (2020-2022). This manuscript presents retrospective comparison on viral hepatitis prevalence between the recruited viral hepatitis patients of tribal and non-tribal origin. This work also compares viral hepatitis prevalence pre-COVID19 and during COVID-19 with no planned work done on COVID-19 diagnostics. Results: In this study it was observed that the tribal population in northeast India had higher prevalence of viral hepatitis than non-tribals in young adults whereas non-tribal had higher prevalence of viral hepatitis than tribals in older population. Certain tribes like Lushai of Mizoram had higher prevalence of HDV, HCV, HEV. Hepatitis B vaccination status was better in non-tribals than tribals in the recruited patients. Further in certain states like Manipur and Tripura exhibited significant difference in the diagnostic marker prevalence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients and liver cirrhosis patients before COVID and during COVID. Conclusion: There were differences in the prevalence and risk factors of viral hepatitis between tribal and non-tribal patients of viral hepatitis in northeast India. Further COVID-19 did have influence on the viral hepatitis prevalence in northeast India.

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印度东北部部落和非部落住院病人中的病毒性肝炎流行情况，以及 COVID-19 之前和期间的流行情况说明

背景：印度拥有丰富的部落人口，包括印度东北部。我们的这项研究基于与孟加拉国、不丹和尼泊尔等其他国家接壤的印度东北部八个邦（即阿萨姆邦、阿鲁纳恰尔邦、那加兰邦、锡金邦、特里普拉邦、梅加拉亚邦、曼尼普尔邦和米佐拉姆邦）的病毒性肝炎诊断（HBV、HCV、HDV、HAV、HEV）和流行情况。文章比较了印度东北部各邦部落和非部落患者的病毒性肝炎流行模式，以及 COVID-19 前和 COVID-19 期间的总体流行情况。研究方法：这项关于病毒性肝炎流行率的横断面研究数据于 2018-2022 年间在印度东北部 8 个邦进行，数据来源于 COVID-19 开始前两年（2018-2019 年）和 COVID-19 期间两年（2020-2022 年）。本手稿对招募的部落和非部落病毒性肝炎患者的病毒性肝炎患病率进行了回顾性比较。这项工作还对 COVID-19 之前和 COVID-19 期间的病毒性肝炎流行率进行了比较，COVID-19 期间未计划开展诊断工作。结果：研究发现，印度东北部的部落人口在年轻人中的病毒性肝炎发病率高于非部落人口，而在老年人口中，非部落人口的病毒性肝炎发病率高于部落人口。某些部落（如米佐拉姆的卢沙伊部落）的 HDV、HCV 和 HEV 感染率较高。在招募的患者中，非部落人口的乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况优于部落人口。此外，在某些邦，如曼尼普尔邦和特里普拉邦，肝细胞癌患者和肝硬化患者在 COVID 之前和 COVID 期间的诊断标志物流行率存在显著差异。结论：印度东北部部落和非部落病毒性肝炎患者的病毒性肝炎患病率和风险因素存在差异。此外，COVID-19 对印度东北部的病毒性肝炎流行率确实有影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety

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