Development and a validation study of comprehensive prescription writing rubrics for medical students

Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI:10.46542/pe.2024.241.403417
Anupong Kantiwong, Sethapong Lertsakulbunlue
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Abstract

Background: Prescribing is a complex task for physicians, with many global reports of errors. This study evaluates a comprehensive rubric for medical student prescribing skills regarding validity and reliability. Methods: Twenty-one third-year medical students participated in three separate prescribing exams. Two pharmacology professors rated the students' prescriptions using a rubric covering ten criteria. Messick validity framework was utilised to enhance the study’s validity. Generalisability theory (G-theory) helped determine the source of variance and the optimal number of raters and test occasions. Results: Content validity was ensured by three experts and alignment with the Thai Medical Council criterion. The Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were acceptable. The rubric had a Cronbach's alpha 0.70 with item-test correlation, all above 0.40. G-theory indicated that 54.93% of the total variance was due to performance and 27.57% to the interaction between performance and occasions, with a minimal residual variance of 4.28%. To reach an acceptable Phi-coefficient (≥0.70), three occasions with one rater (Phi-coefficient=0.76) or two occasions with two raters (Phi-coefficient=0.72) are needed. Conversely, the Phi-coefficient was low on a single occasion. Conclusion: The study introduces a comprehensive rubric and description of a prescription writing programme to minimise potential prescribing errors in pre-clinical years. Furthermore, more assessment opportunities enhance knowledge retention and assessment reliability.
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医科学生综合处方书写评分标准的开发与验证研究
背景:开处方是医生的一项复杂任务,全球有许多关于错误的报道。本研究评估了医学生处方技能综合评分标准的有效性和可靠性:21 名三年级医学生分别参加了三次处方考试。两名药理学教授使用涵盖十项标准的评分标准对学生的处方进行评分。梅西克效度框架用于提高研究的效度。通用性理论(G-theory)帮助确定了方差的来源以及最佳评分人数和测试场合:三位专家确保了内容效度,并符合泰国医学委员会的标准。评分者之间和测试-再测试的可靠性均可接受。评分标准的 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.70,项目-测试相关性均高于 0.40。G 理论表明,54.93%的总方差是由表现引起的,27.57%是由表现与场合之间的交互作用引起的,残差极小,仅为 4.28%。要达到可接受的 Phi 系数(≥0.70),需要有一个评分者的三个场合(Phi 系数=0.76)或两个评分者的两个场合(Phi 系数=0.72)。相反,单一场合的 Phi 系数较低:本研究介绍了一个全面的评分标准和处方书写计划的描述,以尽量减少临床前阶段可能出现的处方错误。此外,更多的评估机会可增强知识的保留和评估的可靠性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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