Hypothyroid Patients Show Significant Association with Antithyroid Antibodies: A Cross Sectional Study in Khulna

Abstract

Background and Objectives: A high prevalence of thyroid disorder is found worldwide and it is a serious public health problem. A community‑based investigations showed that; overall occurrence of thyroid disease was 20.43%, highest incidence of diffuse goiter (7.35%), followed by sub-clinical hypothyroidism (6.59%), hypothyroidism (4.97%), hyperthyroidism (0.86%) and sub-clinical hyperthyroidism (0.65%) in Khulna, Bangladesh. Antithyroid autoantibodies are one of the most important causes of thyroiditis resulting hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antithyroid antibody to hypothyroid patients in Khulna region. Methods: This cross‑sectional study was done on Hypothyroid patients of Khulna Medical College Hospital and Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Science (INMAS), Khulna, from July 2023 to December 2023. After having informed written consent of adult sixty hypothyroid patients, was interviewed and examined the blood sample for relevant information; data recorded in a preformed, semi-structured data collection sheet (Patient particulars form) and analyzed. Results: About 20 percent had positive family history of hypothyroidism, 27 percent patient was associated with other autoimmune diseases and about 80 percent was associated with anti-thyroid antibody. Out of the sixty hypothyroid patients about fifty percent was obese, eighty percent was female of 30-60 years age group. Ninety percent of them belongs to poor socioeconomic conditions and came from rural area of Khulna district. Conclusions: Most of the patients were rural female of low socioeconomic back ground of reproductive age groups. There was very significant association of anti-thyroid antibody with these patients. They also associated with chronic autoimmune diseases and poverty.