The state and vascularization of the bone marrow transplanted in the diffusion chamber to the rat neurovascular bundle

Abstract

Background. The diffusion chamber method helps solve the problem of delivering a biomaterial with minimal losses, while creating an isolated environment in the recipient’s body. The issue of vascularization of diffusion chambers to preserve the functional capacity of the biomaterial remains relevant. A bioengineered diffusion chamber model, together with the vascular adventitia, promotes vascularization of the biomaterial placed in the chamber. The aim of the study was to assess the state of the bone marrow placed in the diffusion chamber and transplanted to the femoral neurovascular bundle of a rat. Materials and methods. The experimental part of the study was carried out on mature male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into two groups. Group 1 was experimental (n = 4), in which a polycaprolactone diffusion chamber filled with bone marrow was implanted in the femoral neurovascular bundle. Group 2 was control (n = 3), in which the diffusion chamber without bone marrow was implanted in a similar bundle. Results. The histologic examination of the structure of the compact capsule in the bioengineered model in the experimental group revealed areas of woven bone tissue in 25% of the rats. An increase in the vascularization coefficient by 96% and a rise in the Kernohan index by 7% in the experimental group compared to the control group indicated that sufficient conditions were formed to develop the microvasculature while maintaining the bone marrow differentiation path. Conclusion. The reliability of these results is confirmed by immunohistochemical markers of vascularization VEGF and CD34.