TRANSFORMATION OF FALLOW LANDS SOILS FERTILITY IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE WITH THEIR USE DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS

Abstract

The purpose of research is to provide a comprehensive comparative assessment of the fertility of gray fallow soils in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Region, overgrown with forest, used for hayma-king and re-developed into arable land. The studies were conducted in 2007–2020 in the Krasnoyarsk and Achinsk-Bogotol forest-steppe on gray soils of fallow lands no longer used for agricultural purposes. Stu-dies were carried out to assess the indicators of the potential and effective fertility of gray soils of fallow lands of the Krasnoyarsk and Achinsk-Bogotol forest-steppe with their various post-agrogenic use. It has been established that forests regenerated on fallow lands do not lead to degradation of soil fertility, especially in terms of the content of humus and agronomically valuable aggregates. The emerging forest litter and tree litter accelerate the accumulation of organic matter, a source of humus. There is weak spatial va¬riation in most indicators of effective and potential fertility in soils under regenerating forest compared to pure fallow lands. With the re-involvement of fallow land into arable land, nitrification somewhat increases, spatial variation in soil properties decreases, and the content of humus and absorbed bases decreases. The structural composition of the soils of all study objects is characterized as excellent (ACF 88–77 %) with an insignificant value of the coefficient of variation of fractions (4–7 %). When reclaiming fallow lands into arable land, the proportion of the blocky fraction is significantly reduced. The spatial variability of the structural composition of soils in fallow lands and hayfields is higher than on arable land, which is asso¬ciated with the “clumpiness” of the ground cover and root system of plants on uncultivated soils. In terms of fertility, post-agrogenic gray soils used for haymaking occupy an intermediate position between clean fallow lands and those overgrown with forest. The productivity of the phytomass of fallow lands, arable land and hayfields in the Krasnoyarsk and Achinsk-Bogotol forest-steppe is more closely correlated with the indicators of the potential fertility of post-agrogenic gray soils. In most cases, the values of the correlation coefficients are closer between phytomass reserves and indicators of effective fertility in the Achinsk-Bogotol forest-steppe, which is associated with more favorable hydrothermal conditions in this research area and optimal water-physical properties.