Thermodynamic Optimization of Load-Following Operation in a Decarbonized Combined Cycle Power Plant Under Net-Zero Scenarios

Silvia Ravelli
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Abstract

Post-combustion capture (PCC) by means of mono-ethanolamine (MEA) and hydrogen co-firing, combined with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), were applied to a typical 2x1 combined cycle (CC) with the goal of reaching net-zero CO2 emissions. The novelty lies in integrating decarbonization solutions into the daily operation of the CC, when power generation is adjusted according to fluctuations in electricity demand, throughout two representative days in summer and winter. More specifically, off-design thermodynamic modelling was adapted to incorporate a multivariable optimization problem to find the maximum power plant efficiency as a function of the following decision variables: - load of each gas turbine (GT), spanning from minimum turndown to full load; - EGR rate, in a range that depends on the fuel type: [0; 0.4] for 100% natural gas (NG) vs. [0; 0.55] when hydrogen is fed to the combustor; with the constraint of net power output equal to electricity demand, for given environmental conditions. Suggestions were made to mitigate the energy penalty due to decarbonization in the load-following operation mode, taking the integration of MEA CO2 capture into the NG-fired CC as a benchmark. The solution in which EGR combines optimally with hydrogen in the fuel mixture, with the addition of PCC to abate residual CO2 emissions, has proven to be the most efficient way to provide dispatchable clean energy, especially in cold climates
净零情景下脱碳联合循环发电厂负载跟随运行的热力学优化
通过单乙醇胺(MEA)和氢气联合燃烧(PCC),结合废气再循环(EGR),将燃烧后捕集(PCC)应用于典型的 2x1 联合循环(CC),目标是实现二氧化碳净零排放。其新颖之处在于将脱碳解决方案整合到 CC 的日常运行中,在夏季和冬季的两个具有代表性的日子里,根据电力需求的波动调整发电量。更具体地说,设计外热力学建模经过调整,纳入了一个多变量优化问题,以找到发电厂的最高效率,作为以下决策变量的函数: - 每台燃气轮机(GT)的负荷,从最小降压到满负荷; - EGR 率,范围取决于燃料类型:[在给定的环境条件下,净输出功率等于电力需求。以 MEA 二氧化碳捕集技术融入 NG 燃气 CC 为基准,提出了在负载跟随运行模式下减轻脱碳带来的能量损失的建议。事实证明,EGR 与燃料混合物中的氢优化组合的解决方案,加上 PCC 以减少残余 CO2 排放,是提供可调度清洁能源的最有效方式,尤其是在寒冷气候条件下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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