Ophthalmological Disorders and Laboratory and Clinical Indicators in Women with Hypertensive Pregnancy Complications

S. V. Barinov, T. Y. Matnenko, Yu.I. Chulovsky, Yu. A. Kovaleva, M. A. Voronkova
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Abstract

Introduction. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, despite many epidemiological studies, scientific developments, and the improvement of laboratory and instrumental techniques for searching for predictors of preeclampsia, are a serious problem of perinatal obstetrics. One of these areas may be an in-depth ophthalmological examination.The aim of the work is to perform an analysis of ophthalmological disorders and laboratory, clinical parameters in women with hypertensive complications of pregnancy.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 573 cases of hypertensive pregnancy complications was performed. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 50 years. All patients received a standard general clinical and obstetric examination, examined by an ophthalmologist. A correlation analysis of some laboratory and clinical signs of arterial hypertension (AH) and preeclampsia (PE), including ophthalmological signs of PE, was carried out. Results: PE was accompanied by retinal angiopathy in 67 % of cases. In 9 cases (1.86 %), peripapillary edema was detected in PE. In the presence of peripapillary edema, earlier delivery dates and a lower Apgar score were observed in the newborn. Macular edema was registered in 3 cases (0.62 %) against the background of gestational diabetes mellitus.Conclusion. Comparative analysis has shown the presence of correlations between signs of hypertensive complications of pregnancy and changes in the organ of vision. The expansion of ophthalmological research may provide new markers-indicators for the differential diagnosis of hypertensive complications of pregnancy, assessment of the severity of the condition, dynamic monitoring and choice of management tactics for patients with hypertensive complications of pregnancy.
妊娠高血压并发症妇女的眼科疾病及实验室和临床指标
导言。尽管进行了许多流行病学研究、科学发展以及实验室和仪器技术的改进以寻找子痫前期的预测因素,但妊娠期高血压疾病仍是围产期产科的一个严重问题。这项工作的目的是对妊娠高血压并发症妇女的眼科疾病和实验室、临床参数进行分析。对 573 例妊娠高血压并发症患者进行了回顾性分析。患者年龄从 15 岁到 50 岁不等。所有患者都接受了标准的一般临床和产科检查,并由眼科医生进行了检查。对动脉高血压(AH)和子痫前期(PE)的一些实验室和临床症状(包括子痫前期的眼科症状)进行了相关分析。结果显示67%的先兆子痫患者伴有视网膜血管病变。有 9 例(1.86%)在 PE 中发现毛细血管周围水肿。在出现毛细血管周围水肿的情况下,新生儿的分娩日期较早,Apgar 评分较低。有 3 例(0.62%)新生儿在妊娠糖尿病的背景下出现黄斑水肿。对比分析表明,妊娠高血压并发症的症状与视力器官的变化之间存在相关性。眼科研究的扩展可为妊娠高血压并发症的鉴别诊断、病情严重程度的评估、动态监测和妊娠高血压并发症患者管理策略的选择提供新的标记-指标。
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