Long‐distance movements, large population sizes and density‐dependent dispersal in three threatened butterfly species

IF 3.2 2区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Insect Conservation and Diversity Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.1111/icad.12766

Markus Franzén, Håkan Johansson, J. Askling, O. Kindvall, Victor Johansson, Anders Forsman, Johanna Sunde

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Abstract

This study investigates the ecology of three threatened butterfly species on a 60 km2 site in Gotland, Southeast Sweden, using mark–recapture methods from 2017 to 2020. Nearly 30,000 captures were recorded, with average lifespans of 6 days for Euphydryas aurinia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and 2 days for Phengaris arion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). Population size, density and maximum flight distances varied between species, with E. aurinia at 7.2 km, P. apollo at 6.4 km and P. arion at 2.5 km. Movement data showed the lognormal kernel fit better than gamma, negative exponential and half‐normal kernels for distance travelled per time unit across species and sexes. Generalised linear models revealed significant positive density‐dependent emigration and negative density‐dependent immigration in all three species. Despite available suitable habitats, these species face threats from limestone quarry expansions, agricultural intensification, modified forestry practices, natural succession and climate change, highlighting the need for proactive conservation and strategic habitat management.

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三种濒危蝴蝶的远距离迁移、大种群规模和密度依赖性扩散

这项研究调查了瑞典东南部哥特兰一块 60 平方公里土地上三种濒危蝴蝶物种的生态情况，研究采用了标记重捕方法，时间跨度为 2017 年至 2020 年。共记录了近 30,000 次捕获，Euphydryas aurinia（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科）和 Parnassius apollo（鳞翅目：蝶科）的平均寿命为 6 天，Phengaris arion（鳞翅目：蝶科）的平均寿命为 2 天。不同物种的种群大小、密度和最大飞行距离各不相同，E. aurinia为7.2千米，P. apollo为6.4千米，P. arion为2.5千米。运动数据显示，对数正态核比伽马核、负指数核和半正态核更好地拟合了不同物种和性别的单位时间内的飞行距离。

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来源期刊

Insect Conservation and Diversity 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

8.60%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： To publish papers of the highest scientific quality within the general area of insect (and other arthropods) conservation and diversity covering topics ranging from ecological theory to practical management. Papers are invited on the following topics: Conservation genetics; Extinction debt; Long-term conservation planning and implementation; Global implications of local or national conservation actions; Management responses of species and communities; Captive breeding programs; Comparisons of restored and natural habitats; Biogeography; Global biodiversity; Metapopulation dynamics; Climate change: impacts on distributions and range; Invasive species: impacts and control; Effects of pollution; Genetic threats to diversity by introgression; Effects of fragmentation on diversity and distribution; Impact of agricultural and forestry practices on biodiversity; Enhancing urban environments for diversity and protection; Biodiversity action plans: can we scale up from insects?; Effectiveness and choice of indicator species; Soil biodiversity and interactions with above-ground biodiversity; Ecological interactions at local levels; Ecological and evolutionary factors influencing diversity and local, regional and global scales; Sustainable livelihoods and training on the ground; Integrating science and policy.