Silica nanoparticles in medicine: overcoming pathologies through advanced drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies.

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Carmen Larisa Nicolae, Diana Cristina Pîrvulescu, Alexandru Mihai Antohi, Adelina Gabriela Niculescu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, George Alexandru Croitoru
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Over the last decades, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have been studied for their applications in biomedicine as an alternative used for conventional diagnostics and treatments. Since their properties can be modified and adjusted for the desired use, they have many different potential applications in medicine: they can be used in diagnosis because of their ability to be loaded with dyes and their increased selectivity and sensitivity, which can improve the quality of the diagnostic process. SiNPs can be functionalized by targeting ligands or molecules to detect certain cellular processes or biomarkers with better precision. Targeted delivery is another fundamental use of SiNPs. They could be used as drug delivery systems (DDS) since their structure allows the loading of therapeutic agents or other compounds, and studies have demonstrated their biocompatibility. When SiNPs are used as DDS, the drug's toxicity and the off-target effects are reduced significantly, and they can be used to treat conditions like cancer and neurological diseases and even aid in regenerative processes, such as wound healing or bone repair. However, safety concerns must be considered before SiNPs can be used extensively in clinical practice because NPs can cause toxicity in certain conditions and accumulate at undesired locations. Therefore, an overview of the potential applications that SiNPs could have in medicine, as well as their safety concerns, will be covered in this review paper.

硅纳米粒子在医学中的应用:通过先进的给药、诊断和治疗策略克服病症。
过去几十年来,人们一直在研究二氧化硅纳米粒子(SiNPs)在生物医学中的应用,将其作为传统诊断和治疗方法的替代品。由于硅纳米粒子的特性可以根据需要进行修改和调整,因此在医学领域有许多不同的潜在应用:硅纳米粒子可用于诊断,因为它们可以装载染料,并能提高选择性和灵敏度,从而提高诊断过程的质量。SiNPs 可以通过靶向配体或分子进行功能化,从而更精确地检测某些细胞过程或生物标志物。靶向递送是 SiNPs 的另一个基本用途。它们可以用作药物输送系统(DDS),因为它们的结构允许装载治疗剂或其他化合物,而且研究已经证明了它们的生物相容性。当 SiNPs 用作 DDS 时,药物的毒性和脱靶效应会大大降低,可用于治疗癌症和神经系统疾病,甚至有助于伤口愈合或骨骼修复等再生过程。然而,在将 SiNPs 广泛应用于临床实践之前,必须考虑到安全性问题,因为 NPs 在某些情况下可能会产生毒性,并在不希望的位置积聚。因此,本综述将概述 SiNPs 在医学中的潜在应用及其安全问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
20.00%
发文量
221
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology (Rom J Morphol Embryol) publishes studies on all aspects of normal morphology and human comparative and experimental pathology. The Journal accepts only researches that utilize modern investigation methods (studies of anatomy, pathology, cytopathology, immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, immunology, morphometry, molecular and cellular biology, electronic microscopy, etc.).
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