Community health worker training on older adults: A qualitative needs assessment

Abstract

Background

Community health workers (CHWs) are frontline public health personnel who serve as liaisons between vulnerable patient populations and the healthcare system. They are instrumental in health promotion and education for urban-dwelling older adults. However, no research exists on training that CHWs receive on age-friendly health care. This article explores CHW education on the 4Ms of an Age-Friendly Health System and identifies areas where additional training may be necessary.

Methods

As part of a two-pronged qualitative needs assessment, four focus groups were held with a total of 17 CHWs and semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 clinicians, including both healthcare providers and social workers. Focus group and interview transcripts were then analyzed for major themes in Dedoose, a qualitative coding software.

Results

Clinicians most often identified Mentation and Mobility as areas where CHWs can have the greatest impact. Correspondingly, CHWs felt under-equipped to assist patients in these areas and expressed strong interest in additional training. In general, CHWs and clinicians agreed that Medications and What Matters do not fall under CHW scope of practice.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm the critical role that CHWs can play in promoting the health and well-being of urban-dwelling older adults. However, we also demonstrate that many CHWs lack adequate training in age-friendly care. To meet the social and medical needs of a rapidly aging US population, there is a pertinent need to develop a novel community health worker training curriculum on Mentation and Mobility.