Is oral nano-curcumin formulation a safe and effective measure for preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients?

Abstract

Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important complications in cancer patients under treatment with cisplatin-containing regimens. Curcumin, as the most important active component of Curcuma longa, is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound. In this clinical trial, we assessed the preventive effect of nano-curcumin oral formulation against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients. In this triple-blind clinical trial 30 cancer patients on cisplatin were randomly included in the treatment group, receiving nano-curcumin 40 mg capsules ( n  = 15) or the placebo group ( n  = 15) twice a day during four chemotherapy courses. Kidney function was measured at the beginning of the study and then at the end of each course of chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in acute kidney injury occurrence rate and creatinine and blood urine nitrogen serum levels between the treatment and placebo groups at the end of each chemotherapy course ( P value >0.05). Just at the end of the first course, the difference was close to significant ( P  = 0.055). We also found no difference in mortality and recurrence rate in an average 30-month follow-up. Nano-curcumin in the prescribed dose and duration was not effective in preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in cancer patients in comparison with the placebo. Further studies with larger sample size using different doses and duration of nano-curcumin are recommended.