Regional diversity and spatial patterns of epibenthic communities in the Laurentian Channel Marine Protected Area

IF 2.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Megafauna, such as cold-water corals, can promote diversity through various processes, such as predation, bioturbation, competition, and facilitation as habitat engineers. Further investigation into their ecology and role in epifaunal community structure in the deep sea is needed. Diversity, abundance, and spatial patterns of epibenthic megafauna (≥2 cm) were quantified at regional-scales (100 s m – 100 s km) using high-resolution imagery from 15 stations in the Laurentian Channel Marine Protected Area, Canada. A patchy community structure was significantly associated with station and benthoscape class, which in turn was based on geological factors. Three types of assemblages included: (1) dominated by corals Pennatula sp. 2 and/or Hexacorallia (SC.) spp. in shallow eastern benthoscape classes with high abundance and low diversity; (2) a diverse mix of taxa (e.g. sea pens Anthoptilum spp. and Kophobelemnon spp., anemones/cerianthids, etc.) in deeper (>400 m) western benthoscape classes, with low abundance and high diversity; and (3) a unique community dominated by sponges. Overall, eight taxa contributed to most dissimilarities between stations, and communities were similar within 10 km but could differ at greater distances. Benthoscape classes captured environmental factors (e.g. depth and substrate) that may be responsible for changes in diversity and abundance, and are used as a proxy for different habitats. Our study advanced the understanding of regional spatial patterns in the abundance, composition, and diversity of epibenthic communities, by identifying spatial patterns particularly in the Laurentian Channel where data were limited, adding to interpretations of spatial ecology in a previous fine-scale study. Additionally, these spatial patterns reflect various underlying ecological processes that are mostly unknown. Our community analysis and observed changes in abundance and diversity have implications that can help inform future monitoring designs to promote representative and meaningful spatial assessments.

劳伦海峡海洋保护区底栖生物群落的区域多样性和空间模式
巨型动物(如冷水珊瑚)可以通过捕食、生物扰动、竞争和作为生境工程师的促进作用等各种过程促进多样性。需要进一步研究它们的生态学以及在深海表生动物群落结构中的作用。利用加拿大劳伦海峡海洋保护区 15 个站点的高分辨率图像,对区域尺度(100 s m - 100 s km)的底栖巨型动物(≥2 cm)的多样性、丰度和空间模式进行了量化。斑块状群落结构与观测站和底栖景观等级有明显关联,而底栖景观等级又基于地质因素。三种群落类型包括(1) 在东部浅海底栖景观等级中以珊瑚 Pennatula sp、(3) 以海绵为主的独特群落。总体而言,8 个分类群是造成各站之间差异最大的原因,10 千米范围内的群落相似,但在更远的距离上可能存在差异。底栖景观类别捕捉了可能导致多样性和丰度变化的环境因素(如深度和底质),并可作为不同生境的代表。我们的研究通过确定空间模式(尤其是在数据有限的劳伦海峡),加深了人们对区域性底栖生物群落丰度、组成和多样性空间模式的理解,补充了之前精细尺度研究中对空间生态学的解释。此外,这些空间模式反映了各种基本的生态过程,而这些过程大多是未知的。我们的群落分析以及观察到的丰度和多样性变化所产生的影响有助于为未来的监测设计提供信息,从而促进具有代表性和有意义的空间评估。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.20%
发文量
144
审稿时长
18.3 weeks
期刊介绍: Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers is devoted to the publication of the results of original scientific research, including theoretical work of evident oceanographic applicability; and the solution of instrumental or methodological problems with evidence of successful use. The journal is distinguished by its interdisciplinary nature and its breadth, covering the geological, physical, chemical and biological aspects of the ocean and its boundaries with the sea floor and the atmosphere. In addition to regular "Research Papers" and "Instruments and Methods" papers, briefer communications may be published as "Notes". Supplemental matter, such as extensive data tables or graphs and multimedia content, may be published as electronic appendices.
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