Shoreline change and coastal erosion: an analysis of long-term change and adaptation strategies in coastal Ghana

IF 1.4 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Johnson Ankrah
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study analysed long-term shoreline change, the influence of erosion, and adaptation strategies in coastal Ghana. The change between 1972 and 2021 was analysed using Landsat satellite images and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS v.5.0), and adaptation strategies were revealed through field observations. The End Point Rate (EPR), Linear Regression Rate (LRR), and Weighted Linear Regression (WLR) were used to estimate the rate of change, whereas the Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) and Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE) were used to calculate the distances of change. The coefficient of shoreline armouring (K) index was used to evaluate the grade of artificial or human interventions on the coast. The erosion rates for the EPR (− 107.6 m/year, or 95.0%) and LRR (− 75.7 m/year, or 99.3%) were higher than the accretion rates of (28.5 m/year, or 5.0%) and (33.6 m/year, or 0.7%), respectively. The NSM recorded maximum erosion (− 14,080 to − 10,840 m) and accretion (1107 to 2135 m) with an average distance of − 4943.1 m. The SCE estimated a maximum (14,080.5 m) and minimum (813.8 m) distances with an average distance change of 5557.9 m. The central coast experienced erosion at average rates of − 119.0 m/yr, − 89.6 m/yr, and − 94.0 m/yr, according to EPR, LRR, and WLR statistics. The eastern coast observed lower erosion rates than the central coast, with rates of − 75.3 m/yr, − 53.2 m/yr, and − 41.9 m/yr for the EPR, LRR, and WLR statistics, respectively. Since 1972, there has been a significant increase in artificial coastal structures on Ghana's central and eastern coasts. The central coast has reached a maximal level of shoreline armouring index, while the eastern coast has reached a minimal level. Although hard protective measures have been implemented on most parts of the coast for adaptation, improved policy initiatives on soft and nature-based protection measures are encouraged based on their favourable ecological impact and economic effectiveness.

Abstract Image

海岸线变化和海岸侵蚀:对加纳沿海长期变化和适应战略的分析
本研究分析了加纳沿海地区海岸线的长期变化、侵蚀的影响以及适应策略。利用 Landsat 卫星图像和数字海岸线分析系统 (DSAS v.5.0) 分析了 1972 年至 2021 年期间的变化,并通过实地观测揭示了适应策略。采用终点率(EPR)、线性回归率(LRR)和加权线性回归率(WLR)估算变化率,采用净海岸线移动(NSM)和海岸线变化包络线(SCE)计算变化距离。海岸线铠装系数(K)指数用于评估海岸的人工或人为干预等级。EPR 的侵蚀率(- 107.6 米/年,或 95.0%)和 LRR 的侵蚀率(- 75.7 米/年,或 99.3%)分别高于增生率(28.5 米/年,或 5.0%)和(33.6 米/年,或 0.7%)。根据 EPR、LRR 和 WLR 统计,中部沿海的侵蚀率平均为 -119.0米/年、-89.6 米/年和 -94.0米/年。东部海岸的侵蚀率低于中部海岸,根据 EPR、LRR 和 WLR 统计,侵蚀率分别为-75.3 米/年、-53.2 米/年和-41.9 米/年。自 1972 年以来,加纳中部和东部海岸的人工海岸结构显著增加。中部海岸的海岸线铠装指数已达到最高水平,而东部海岸已达到最低水平。虽然在海岸的大部分地区采取了硬性保护措施以适应变化,但由于软性保护措施和基于自然的保护措施具有有利的生态影响和经济效益,因此鼓励改进这些措施的政策举措。
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来源期刊
Geo-Marine Letters
Geo-Marine Letters 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Geo-Marine Letters is an international peer-reviewed journal focussing on the rapid publication of concise original studies and reviews dealing with processes, products and techniques in marine geology, geophysics, and geochemistry. Coverage spans - structural geology, including plate tectonics of recent active and passive margins - sea-bed morphology, physiography and morphodynamics - sediment transport, depositional processes and sedimentary facies analysis - stratigraphy, basin analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction - sea-level history, paleoproductivity, gas hydrates, salt domes and brines - sediment-water interaction and organism-sediment relationships - geochemical tracers, stable isotopes and authigenic mineral formation - geotechnical properties and application of new geo-marine techniques, and more. In addition to regular articles, reviews, discussion/reply articles and technical papers, Geo-Marine Letters welcomes contributions by guest editors in the form of conference/workshop proceedings, or bundles of papers dealing with specific themes.
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