Immune challenge reduces begging effort and modifies begging call structure in spotless starling nestlings

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Daniel Parejo-Pulido, Tomás Redondo, Lorenzo Pérez-Rodríguez
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Abstract

Symptoms of illness offer insights into an organism’s condition, altering social signals that affect others’ behavior. Nestling birds employ begging signals to solicit parental care, but the extent to which begging reflects nestling health beyond hunger remains controversial. We investigated how experimentally induced changes in health affect begging signals in spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor) nestlings. To alter health status, we challenged nestlings by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -an antigen that elicits an immune response- or a control substance (PBS) and observed begging behavior under controlled food deprivation conditions. LPS-treated nestlings exhibited delayed gaping, reduced stretching, and less begging time compared to control nestlings. Moreover, LPS-treated nestlings produced calls with higher spectral entropy, particularly when deprived of food for longer. Our findings indicate that begging signals are sensitive to induced sickness. However, addressing mechanistic issues is crucial for effectively testing whether begging reflects nestling condition as a signal of quality in future experimental setups.

Abstract Image

免疫挑战会减少无斑点椋鸟的乞讨努力并改变其乞讨叫声结构
疾病的症状可以让人了解生物体的状况,改变影响他人行为的社会信号。雏鸟利用乞讨信号来寻求父母的照顾,但乞讨在多大程度上反映了雏鸟的健康状况,而不仅仅是饥饿,这一点仍然存在争议。我们研究了实验诱导的健康变化如何影响无斑椋鸟(Sturnus unicolor)雏鸟的乞食信号。为了改变雏鸟的健康状况,我们向雏鸟注射了能引起免疫反应的抗原脂多糖(LPS)或对照物质(PBS),并在可控的食物剥夺条件下观察了雏鸟的乞食行为。与对照组雏鸟相比,经 LPS 处理的雏鸟表现出延迟张口、减少伸展和减少乞食时间。此外,经 LPS 处理的雏鸟发出的叫声具有更高的频谱熵,尤其是在长时间缺乏食物的情况下。我们的研究结果表明,乞食信号对诱发疾病很敏感。然而,在未来的实验设置中,解决机制问题对于有效检验乞食是否反映雏鸟状况作为质量信号至关重要。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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