A column-shared histogramming TDC with pixel-to-pixel coincidence detection and compact analog counters for Flash LiDAR sensor

Abstract

This study presents a column-shared hTDC with pixel-to-pixel coincidence detection and compact analog pulse counters. The column-shared architecture allows the hTDC to have no large area consumption caused by ADC and memories in pixels. Thanks to the pixel-to-pixel coincidence detection, only one SPAD is needed in each pixel. The application of the analog counter greatly reduces the area occupied by the counter. The simulation results show that the proposed hTDC can effectively reduce the pixel area while ensuring accuracy under high background light conditions, so it is suitable for outdoor applications.