DNA barcoding of southern African mammal species and construction of a reference library for forensic application.

IF 2.3 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Genome Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI:10.1139/gen-2023-0050
J R Baxter, A Kotze, M de Bruyn, K Matlou, K Labuschagne, M Mwale
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Combating wildlife crimes in South Africa requires accurate identification of traded species and their products. Diagnostic morphological characteristics needed to identify species are often lost when specimens are processed and customs officials lack the expertise to identify species. As a potential solution, DNA barcoding can be used to identify morphologically indistinguishable specimens in forensic cases. However, barcoding is hindered by the reliance on comprehensive, validated DNA barcode reference databases, which are currently limited. To overcome this limitation, we constructed a barcode library of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and cytochrome b sequences for threatened and protected mammals exploited in southern Africa. Additionally, we included closely related or morphologically similar species and assessed the database's ability to identify species accurately. Published southern African sequences were incorporated to estimate intraspecific and interspecific variation. Neighbor-joining trees successfully discriminated 94%-95% of the taxa. However, some widespread species exhibited high intraspecific distances (>2%), suggesting geographic sub-structuring or cryptic speciation. Lack of reliable published data prevented the unambiguous discrimination of certain species. This study highlights the efficacy of DNA barcoding in species identification, particularly for forensic applications. It also highlights the need for a taxonomic re-evaluation of certain widespread species and challenging genera.

南部非洲哺乳动物物种的 DNA 条形码和法医应用参考文献库的构建。
在南非打击野生动物犯罪需要准确识别贸易物种及其产品。在处理标本时,识别物种所需的诊断形态特征往往会丢失,而海关官员又缺乏识别物种的专业知识。作为一种潜在的解决方案,DNA 条形码可用于在法医案件中识别形态上无法区分的标本。然而,条形码识别需要依赖全面、有效的 DNA 条形码参考数据库,而目前这种数据库非常有限。为了克服这一限制,我们构建了一个包含细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚单位 1(COI)和细胞色素 b(Cyt b)序列的条形码库,用于分析南部非洲受威胁和受保护的哺乳动物。此外,我们还纳入了密切相关或形态相似的物种,并评估了数据库准确识别物种的能力。已发表的南部非洲序列被纳入其中,以估计种内和种间变异。邻接树成功区分了 94-95% 的类群。然而,一些分布广泛的物种表现出较高的种内距离(>2%),这表明存在地理亚结构或隐性物种。由于缺乏可靠的已发表数据,无法明确区分某些物种。这项研究强调了 DNA 条形码在物种鉴定方面的功效,尤其是在法医应用方面。它还强调了对某些广泛分布的物种和具有挑战性的属进行重新分类评估的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Genome
Genome 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.20%
发文量
42
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Genome is a monthly journal, established in 1959, that publishes original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, current opinions, and commentaries. Areas of interest include general genetics and genomics, cytogenetics, molecular and evolutionary genetics, developmental genetics, population genetics, phylogenomics, molecular identification, as well as emerging areas such as ecological, comparative, and functional genomics.
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