In vivo mouse models for adult brain tumors: Exploring tumorigenesis and advancing immunotherapy development.

IF 16.4 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Neuro-oncology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1093/neuonc/noae131

John Figg, Dongjiang Chen, Laura Falceto Font, Catherine Flores, Dan Jin

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Brain tumors, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), are devastating and challenging to treat, with a low 5-year survival rate of only 6.6%. Mouse models are established to understand tumorigenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies. Large-scale genomic studies have facilitated the identification of genetic alterations driving human brain tumor development and progression. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) with clinically relevant genetic alterations are widely used to investigate tumor origin. Additionally, syngeneic implantation models, utilizing cell lines derived from GEMMs or other sources, are popular for their consistent and relatively short latency period, addressing various brain cancer research questions. In recent years, the success of immunotherapy in specific cancer types has led to a surge in cancer immunology-related research which specifically necessitates the utilization of immunocompetent mouse models. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of GEMMs and syngeneic mouse models for adult brain tumors, emphasizing key features such as model origin, genetic alteration background, oncogenic mechanisms, and immune-related characteristics. Our review serves as a valuable resource for the brain tumor research community, aiding in the selection of appropriate models to study cancer immunology.

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成人脑肿瘤体内小鼠模型：探索肿瘤发生和推进免疫疗法开发。

脑肿瘤，尤其是胶质母细胞瘤（GBM），具有破坏性，治疗难度大，5 年生存率仅为 6.6%。建立小鼠模型是为了了解肿瘤发生过程并开发新的治疗策略。大规模基因组研究有助于确定驱动人类脑肿瘤发生和发展的基因改变。具有临床相关基因改变的基因工程小鼠模型（GEMMs）被广泛用于研究肿瘤起源。此外，利用源自基因工程小鼠或其他来源的细胞系进行的同种异体植入模型因其一致性和相对较短的潜伏期而广受欢迎，可解决各种脑癌研究问题。近年来，免疫疗法在特定癌症类型中取得了成功，导致癌症免疫学相关研究激增，这就特别需要利用免疫功能健全的小鼠模型。在这篇综述中，我们全面总结了成人脑肿瘤的 GEMMs 和合成小鼠模型，强调了模型来源、基因改变背景、致癌机制和免疫相关特征等关键特征。我们的综述是脑肿瘤研究界的宝贵资源，有助于选择合适的模型来研究癌症免疫学。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuro-oncology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

27.20

自引率

6.30%

发文量

1434

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Neuro-Oncology, the official journal of the Society for Neuro-Oncology, has been published monthly since January 2010. Affiliated with the Japan Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology, it is a global leader in the field. The journal is committed to swiftly disseminating high-quality information across all areas of neuro-oncology. It features peer-reviewed articles, reviews, symposia on various topics, abstracts from annual meetings, and updates from neuro-oncology societies worldwide.