Detection of Viral Agents Causing Gastroenteritis by Multiplex PCR Method in Patients; Norovirus, Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Astrovirus, Sapovirus

Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI:10.3103/s089141682470006x
Elif Ayça Şahin, Hasan Bostancı, Özlem Güzel Tunçcan, Aydın Yavuz, Can Şahin, Işıl Fidan, Kayhan Çağlar, Gulendam Bozdayı
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Abstract

Acute viral gastroenteritis may lead hospitalization and death in individuals with underlying health conditions such as immunosuppression. Identification of pathogen causing gastroenteritis is important for appropriate treatment. It is important to demonstrate the presence of the viral nucleic acid by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the stool specimens of the patients for the laboratory diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of viral gastroenteritis and evaluate the distribution and characteristics of viral agents among patients hospitalized with gastroenteritis at a university hospital from June 2019 to December 2022. A total of 340 stool samples from 265 patients with gastroenteritis submitted to the Virology Laboratory were included in the study. The gastrointestinal syndromic (GIS) panel was performed on stool samples of the patients. Of the 340 samples, 121 (35%) were positive. Viral agents were detected in 21 (17%) of these positive samples. One hundred and seventy three samples were sent from immunocompromised patients with transplants, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and malignancies etc. Among these, 47 (27%) samples were positive by GIS panel. When comparing the norovirus frequency versus the other viral agents, norovirus was the most viral agent detected in samples from immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppression was found as a risk factor for norovirus gastroenteritis in this study. Early diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis in immunocompromised patients is crucial to reduce transmission. Therefore, the use of a GIS panel in these patients for the diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis should become common.

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用多重 PCR 法检测导致肠胃炎的病毒病原体;诺如病毒、轮状病毒、腺病毒、哮喘病毒、沙波病毒
急性病毒性肠胃炎可能导致有潜在健康问题(如免疫抑制)的人住院和死亡。确定引起肠胃炎的病原体对于适当治疗非常重要。通过实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)证明患者粪便标本中存在病毒核酸,对于病毒性肠胃炎的实验室诊断非常重要。本研究旨在确定2019年6月至2022年12月期间某大学附属医院住院肠胃炎患者中病毒性肠胃炎的发病频率,并评估病毒病原体的分布和特征。研究共纳入了提交给病毒学实验室的 265 名肠胃炎患者的 340 份粪便样本。研究人员对患者的粪便样本进行了胃肠道综合征(GIS)检测。在 340 份样本中,121 份(35%)呈阳性。这些阳性样本中有 21 份(17%)检测到病毒病原体。173 份样本来自移植、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染和恶性肿瘤等免疫力低下的患者。在这些样本中,有 47 个(27%)样本的 GIS 检测结果呈阳性。比较诺如病毒与其他病毒病原体的频率,诺如病毒是在免疫力低下患者样本中检测到最多的病毒病原体。本研究发现,免疫抑制是诺如病毒性胃肠炎的一个风险因素。免疫力低下患者病毒性肠胃炎的早期诊断对于减少传播至关重要。因此,在这些患者中使用 GIS 面板来诊断病毒性肠胃炎应成为常态。
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