Metagenomic analysis reveals shared and distinguishing features in horse and donkey gut microbiome and maternal resemblance of the microbiota in hybrid equids

Yihang Zhou
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Abstract

Mammalian gut microbiomes are essential for host functions like digestion, immunity, and nutrient utilization. This study examines the gut microbiome of horses, donkeys, and their hybrids, mules and hinnies, to explore the role of microbiomes in hybrid vigor. We performed whole-genome sequencing on rectal microbiota from 18 equids, generating detailed microbiome assemblies. Our analysis revealed significant differences between horse and donkey microbiomes, with hybrids showing a pronounced maternal resemblance. Notably, Firmicutes were more abundant in the horse-maternal group, while Fibrobacteres were richer in the donkey-maternal group, indicating distinct digestive processes. Functional annotations indicated metabolic differences, such as protein synthesis in horses and energy metabolism in donkeys. Machine learning predictions of probiotic species highlighted potential health benefits for each maternal group. This study provides a high-resolution view of the equid gut microbiome, revealing significant taxonomic and metabolic differences influenced by maternal lineage, and offers insights into microbial contributions to hybrid vigor.
元基因组分析揭示了马和驴肠道微生物群的共同特征和不同特征,以及杂交马科动物微生物群的母源性相似性
哺乳动物肠道微生物组对宿主的消化、免疫和营养利用等功能至关重要。本研究对马、驴及其杂交种骡子和駃騠的肠道微生物组进行了研究,以探索微生物组在杂交种活力中的作用。我们对 18 种马的直肠微生物群进行了全基因组测序,生成了详细的微生物组组合。我们的分析表明,马和驴的微生物组之间存在显著差异,杂交马和驴的微生物组具有明显的母源性相似性。值得注意的是,在马的母体组中,固着菌更为丰富,而在驴的母体组中,纤维细菌更为丰富,这表明了不同的消化过程。功能注释表明了新陈代谢的差异,如马的蛋白质合成和驴的能量代谢。益生菌种类的机器学习预测突出了每个母体组的潜在健康益处。这项研究提供了马属动物肠道微生物组的高分辨率视图,揭示了受母系影响的显著分类和代谢差异,并提供了微生物对杂种活力贡献的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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