Molecular evolution of the mitochondrial genome underlies semi-aquatic adaptation in lutrinae

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q3 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Qinguo Wei, Xibao Wang, Yuehuan Dong, Xuesong Mei, Yongquan Shang, Guolei Sun, Xiaoyang Wu, Xiaodong Gao, Chao Zhao, Weilai Sha, Honghai Zhang
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Abstract

Lutrinae, which contains 13 otter species, is a semi-aquatic subfamily. They reclaimed semi-aquatic environments as their habitat. As aquatic environments can lead high energy loss, otters require a highly efficient energy generating style. Mitochondria play key roles in energy production and supply. Thus, we hypothesized that different selective constraints might influence the mitochondrial genomic DNA (mtDNA) of otters compared to that of other terrestrial Mustelidae. To verify the conjecture, we compared the evolutionary rate of the mitochondrial genomes of 12 otter species (including those we previously assembled from five otter species) with those of 18 terrestrial Mustelidae. The results showed that four of the 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (COX2, ND1, ND4 and ND6) in the mitochondrial genomes of semi-aquatic otters possessed higher rate of non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions (dN) to synonymous substitutions (dS) (ω values, dN/dS), than those in terrestrial Mustelidae. For two genes, ND1 and ND4, this difference remained significant after controlling for evolutionary relationships using phylogenetic independent contrasts (PIC) analysis. Furthermore, ND1 and ND4 are rapidly evolving genes (REG). Overall, these results demonstrate that ND1 and ND4 have undergone divergent evolutionary patterns between otters and terrestrial Mustelidae, along with their niche differentiation. The unique evolutionary pattern of mtDNA in Lutrinae may thus play an important role in their semi-aquatic habitat adaptation.

Abstract Image

线粒体基因组的分子进化是栗鼠半水栖适应性的基础
水獭科(Lutrinae)包含 13 种水獭,是一个半水栖亚科。它们将半水生环境作为自己的栖息地。由于水生环境会导致高能量损失,水獭需要高效的能量生成方式。线粒体在能量生产和供应中发挥着关键作用。因此,我们假设,与其他陆生鼬科动物相比,不同的选择性限制可能会影响水獭的线粒体基因组 DNA(mtDNA)。为了验证这一猜想,我们比较了 12 个水獭物种(包括我们之前从 5 个水獭物种中收集的线粒体基因组)与 18 个陆生鼬科物种线粒体基因组的进化速度。结果显示,在半水栖水獭线粒体基因组的 13 个蛋白质编码基因(PCGs)中,有 4 个基因(COX2、ND1、ND4 和 ND6)的非同义核苷酸替换率(dN)与同义替换率(dS)(ω 值,dN/dS)高于陆生鼬科动物。对于 ND1 和 ND4 这两个基因,在使用系统发育独立对比(PIC)分析控制进化关系后,这种差异仍然显著。此外,ND1 和 ND4 是快速进化基因(REG)。总之,这些结果表明,ND1 和 ND4 在水獭和陆生鼬科之间经历了不同的进化模式,同时它们的生态位也发生了分化。因此,水獭科 mtDNA 的独特进化模式可能在其半水栖栖息地适应过程中发挥了重要作用。
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来源期刊
Organisms Diversity & Evolution
Organisms Diversity & Evolution 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
56
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Organisms Diversity & Evolution (published by the Gesellschaft fuer Biologische Systematik, GfBS) is devoted to furthering our understanding of all aspects of organismal diversity and evolution. Papers addressing evolutionary aspects of the systematics, phylogenetics, morphology and development, taxonomy and biogeography of any group of eukaryotes, recent or fossil, are welcome. Priority is given to papers with a strong evolutionary and/or phylogenetic focus. Manuscripts presenting important methods or tools or addressing key theoretical, methodological, and philosophical principles related to the study of organismal diversity are also welcome. Species descriptions are welcome as parts of a manuscript of broader interest that strive to integrate such taxonomic information with the other areas of interest mentioned above.
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