{"title":"Faecal Sludge Treatment: Unveiling the Potential of the plant Panicum maximum","authors":"Baruc Kpèhouénou Goussanou, Akuemaho Virgile Onésime Akowanou, Mouhamadou Nourou Dine Liady, Hontonho Espérance Justine Deguenon, Mohamed Moukorab Arêmou Daouda, Olouwachêgun Esdras Moïse Ayitchédéhou, Martin Pépin Aina, Jérôme Labanowski","doi":"10.1007/s41742-024-00630-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of three plant species (<i>Panicum maximum, Echinochloa pyramidalis,</i> and <i>Typha domingensis)</i>, in enhancing the removal of salinity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand during sludge treatment within sludge treatment reed beds (STRBs). The experimental setup consists of 1 m<sup>3</sup> tanks composed of sand and gravel, simulating the reed bed configuration. A total of twelve pilot-scale units were used, with each plant species tested in triplicate, while three units were used as non-planted (control) groups. Over a 6-month period, the units received weekly loadings of faecal sludge sourced from a site in southern Benin. Sampling was carried out weekly in order to evaluate the removal efficiency of the assessed parameters. The results showed the superior efficacy of STRBs compared to control beds, attributing this enhancement to the presence of vegetation. At a loading rate of 300 kg TS/m<sup>2</sup>/year, the system presented good performance. In particular, <i>P. maximum</i> and <i>E. pyramidalis</i> beds demonstrated the highest removal rates (Salinity: 97.95%, PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>: 97.75%, TP: 98.08%, NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>: 98.68, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>: 98.71%, TKN: 99.53%, TSS: 99.98%, COD: 99.94%). Moreover, the drying rates of <i>E. pyramidalis</i> and <i>P. maximum</i> beds (49.5% and 48.5%, respectively) surpassed those of <i>T. domingensis</i> beds (34.7%). These findings highlight the potential of <i>P. maximum</i>, a newly tested species, for application in STRBs, emphasizing the need for dedicated research on this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":14121,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Environmental Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-024-00630-5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of three plant species (Panicum maximum, Echinochloa pyramidalis, and Typha domingensis), in enhancing the removal of salinity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand during sludge treatment within sludge treatment reed beds (STRBs). The experimental setup consists of 1 m3 tanks composed of sand and gravel, simulating the reed bed configuration. A total of twelve pilot-scale units were used, with each plant species tested in triplicate, while three units were used as non-planted (control) groups. Over a 6-month period, the units received weekly loadings of faecal sludge sourced from a site in southern Benin. Sampling was carried out weekly in order to evaluate the removal efficiency of the assessed parameters. The results showed the superior efficacy of STRBs compared to control beds, attributing this enhancement to the presence of vegetation. At a loading rate of 300 kg TS/m2/year, the system presented good performance. In particular, P. maximum and E. pyramidalis beds demonstrated the highest removal rates (Salinity: 97.95%, PO43−: 97.75%, TP: 98.08%, NH4+: 98.68, NO3−: 98.71%, TKN: 99.53%, TSS: 99.98%, COD: 99.94%). Moreover, the drying rates of E. pyramidalis and P. maximum beds (49.5% and 48.5%, respectively) surpassed those of T. domingensis beds (34.7%). These findings highlight the potential of P. maximum, a newly tested species, for application in STRBs, emphasizing the need for dedicated research on this species.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Environmental Research is a multidisciplinary journal concerned with all aspects of environment. In pursuit of these, environmentalist disciplines are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. International Journal of Environmental Research publishes original research papers, research notes and reviews across the broad field of environment. These include but are not limited to environmental science, environmental engineering, environmental management and planning and environmental design, urban and regional landscape design and natural disaster management. Thus high quality research papers or reviews dealing with any aspect of environment are welcomed. Papers may be theoretical, interpretative or experimental.