Dissipation-driven emergence of a soliton condensate in a nonlinear electrical transmission line

Abstract

We present an experimental study on the perturbed evolution of Korteweg-deVries soliton gases in a weakly dissipative nonlinear electrical transmission line. The system's dynamics reveal that an initially dense, fully randomized, soliton gas evolves into a coherent macroscopic state identified as a soliton condensate through nonlinear spectral analysis. The emergence of the soliton condensate is driven by the spatial rearrangement of the systems's eigenmodes and by the proliferation of new solitonic states due to nonadiabatic effects, a phenomenon not accounted for by the existing hydrodynamic theories.