The mediating role of sleep in the association between environmental noise and mental health

Kaya Grocott, Adelle Mansour, Rebecca Bentley, Kate E Mason
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Abstract

Exposure to environmental noise in residential areas has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes; however, the mechanisms of this relationship remain underexplored. This study investigates the contribution of reduced sleep quality to the negative association between perceived neighbourhood environmental noise exposure and poor mental health. We used the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey and applied causal mediation methods to examine the role of sleep in the association between self-reported exposure to road traffic noise and plane, train and industry (PTI) noise and mental wellbeing at three time points between 2012 and 2021. Road traffic noise was associated with poorer mental health in 2012-13 and 2016-17, while no evidence of an association was observed in 2020-2021 (the period of COVID-related lockdowns in Australia). For the years where a significant association was observed, mediation analyses suggest that reduced sleep quality accounts for 21% (in 2012-13; 95% CI: 7-35%) and 33% (in 2016-17; 95% CI: 26-64%) of the total effect of perceived traffic noise on mental health. Perceived PTI noise was associated with poorer mental health in 2016-2017 and 2020-2021, with mediation through sleep observed in 2016-2017 (proportion mediated 20% (95% CI:3-38%)). Mediation by sleep quality was stronger among people reporting exposure to multiple noise sources than among people reporting exposure to a single noise source. As much as a third of the association between road traffic noise and poor mental wellbeing may be due to poorer sleep quality following exposure to unwanted noise.
睡眠在环境噪声与心理健康之间的关联中的中介作用
住宅区环境噪声暴露与不良心理健康结果有关;然而,这种关系的机制仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了睡眠质量下降对感知到的邻里环境噪声暴露与不良心理健康之间负相关关系的影响。我们使用了澳大利亚家庭收入和劳动力动态调查(HILDA),并应用因果中介方法研究了睡眠在自我报告的道路交通噪声和飞机、火车及工业(PTI)噪声暴露与 2012 年至 2021 年三个时间点的心理健康之间的关联中的作用。在2012-13年和2016-17年,道路交通噪声与较差的心理健康状况有关,而在2020-2021年(澳大利亚与COVID相关的封锁期)则没有观察到相关的证据。在观察到显著关联的年份中,中介分析表明,睡眠质量下降占感知到的交通噪声对心理健康总影响的 21%(2012-13 年;95% CI:7-35%)和 33%(2016-17 年;95% CI:26-64%)。在 2016-2017 年和 2020-2021 年,感知到的 PTI 噪音与较差的心理健康有关,在 2016-2017 年观察到通过睡眠进行调解(调解比例为 20% (95% CI:3-38%))。与报告暴露于单一噪声源的人群相比,报告暴露于多种噪声源的人群中睡眠质量的中介作用更强。道路交通噪声与精神健康状况不佳之间的关联中,多达三分之一可能是由于暴露于有害噪声后睡眠质量较差造成的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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