Climate change mitigation potential of restoration of boreal peatlands drained for forestry can be adjusted by site selection and restoration measures

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Anna M. Laine, Paavo Ojanen, Tomi Lindroos, Kati Koponen, Liisa Maanavilja, Maija Lampela, Jukka Turunen, Kari Minkkinen, Anne Tolvanen
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Abstract

Peatland restoration is seen as a key nature‐based solution to tackle climate change and biodiversity loss. In Europe, nearly 50% of peatlands have been drained during the last decades, which have shifted their soils to carbon dioxide (CO2) sources. Soils of forestry‐drained peatlands are known to vary from CO2 sources to small sinks depending on their fertility and wetness. When peatlands are restored, it can be expected that rates of CO2 and methane exchange will vary depending on site fertility and wetness. We generated seven restoration pathways with different starting and end points and assessed the climate impacts of them. The GHG emission coefficients were compiled from literature, and radiative forcing was calculated for a 500‐year time period since restoration. All seven restoration pathways improved carbon sink capacity; however, the climate impact differed from cooling to warming. The highest cooling impact occurred in a pathway leading from nutrient‐rich drained peatlands toward tree‐covered spruce or pine mires. Warming impacts occurred in a pathway leading from nutrient‐poor drained peatlands toward open peatlands. The results of this study can be used to help identify peatland sites and restoration targets to maximize climate change mitigation from restoration. In practice, however, restoration has to fulfill other targets, such as biodiversity safeguarding, improvement of hydrological conditions, and socio‐economic aspects. Fulfilling all targets simultaneously requires compromises on all targets.
可通过选址和恢复措施调整恢复用于林业的北方泥炭地的气候变化减缓潜力
泥炭地恢复被视为应对气候变化和生物多样性丧失的一个重要自然解决方案。在欧洲,近 50% 的泥炭地在过去几十年中被抽干,这使得泥炭地的土壤变成了二氧化碳(CO2)源。据了解,林业排水泥炭地的土壤因其肥力和湿度不同,从二氧化碳源到小型吸收汇都有。当泥炭地得到恢复时,预计二氧化碳和甲烷的交换率将因土壤的肥力和湿度而异。我们生成了七种具有不同起点和终点的恢复路径,并评估了它们对气候的影响。温室气体排放系数是根据文献编制的,辐射强迫计算的是恢复后 500 年的时间。所有七种恢复路径都提高了碳汇能力;但是,对气候的影响从降温到升温有所不同。从营养丰富的排水泥炭地走向树木覆盖的云杉或松树沼泽的路径对降温的影响最大。变暖影响出现在从营养贫乏的排水泥炭地走向开阔泥炭地的路径上。这项研究的结果可用于帮助确定泥炭地地点和恢复目标,以最大限度地通过恢复减缓气候变化。然而,在实践中,恢复工作还必须实现其他目标,如保护生物多样性、改善水文条件和社会经济方面。要同时实现所有目标,就必须对所有目标做出妥协。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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