Virtual screening, molecular docking, MD simulation studies, DFT calculations, ADMET, and drug likeness of Diaza-adamantane as potential MAPKERK inhibitors
{"title":"Virtual screening, molecular docking, MD simulation studies, DFT calculations, ADMET, and drug likeness of Diaza-adamantane as potential MAPKERK inhibitors","authors":"Davood Gheidari, Morteza Mehrdad, Foroozan Hoseini","doi":"10.3389/fphar.2024.1360226","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that destroys the protective coating of central nervous system (CNS) nerve fibers and affects over 2.8 million people worldwide. Despite several studies on new therapeutic targets and lead compounds, MS disease has limited treatment options. This condition may be caused by a complicated interaction of environmental and genetic variables. Studies showed that MS-associated microglial cells’ increased MAPK<jats:sup>ERK</jats:sup> activity may cause CNS inflammation and oligodendrocyte damage. Thus, screening for lead compounds that inhibit MAPK<jats:sup>ERK</jats:sup> may protect brain cells and slow disease progression.Methods: The study aims to discover compounds that may inhibit MAPK<jats:sup>ERK</jats:sup> as a novel approach for protecting the nervous system in managing MS. The study includes in <jats:italic>silico</jats:italic> methods, such as virtual screening, molecular docking, Density-functional theory (DFT) investigations (using the B3LYP/6–31++G(d,p) basis set in a gas phase environment), drug likeness scores, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations.Results and Discussion:During the docking process with the MAPK<jats:sup>ERK</jats:sup> protein, it was shown that the ligand L<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> receptor had the best binding affinity, with a docking score of -6.18 kcal/mol. To investigate the stability of the binding, a 100 ns MD simulation was performed on the complex formed by the MAPK<jats:sup>ERK</jats:sup> protein and L<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>. The receptor-ligand combination exhibited significant stability throughout the duration of the MD simulation. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of these ligands suggest that they have the potential to be considered viable candidates for future development in MS management.","PeriodicalId":12491,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1360226","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that destroys the protective coating of central nervous system (CNS) nerve fibers and affects over 2.8 million people worldwide. Despite several studies on new therapeutic targets and lead compounds, MS disease has limited treatment options. This condition may be caused by a complicated interaction of environmental and genetic variables. Studies showed that MS-associated microglial cells’ increased MAPKERK activity may cause CNS inflammation and oligodendrocyte damage. Thus, screening for lead compounds that inhibit MAPKERK may protect brain cells and slow disease progression.Methods: The study aims to discover compounds that may inhibit MAPKERK as a novel approach for protecting the nervous system in managing MS. The study includes in silico methods, such as virtual screening, molecular docking, Density-functional theory (DFT) investigations (using the B3LYP/6–31++G(d,p) basis set in a gas phase environment), drug likeness scores, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations.Results and Discussion:During the docking process with the MAPKERK protein, it was shown that the ligand L12 receptor had the best binding affinity, with a docking score of -6.18 kcal/mol. To investigate the stability of the binding, a 100 ns MD simulation was performed on the complex formed by the MAPKERK protein and L12. The receptor-ligand combination exhibited significant stability throughout the duration of the MD simulation. Additionally, the pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of these ligands suggest that they have the potential to be considered viable candidates for future development in MS management.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Pharmacology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across disciplines, including basic and clinical pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacy and toxicology. Field Chief Editor Heike Wulff at UC Davis is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.