Ecosystem restoration can lead to carbon recovery in semi‐arid savanna grasslands in India

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Manan Bhan, Chetan Misher, Abhijeet Kulkarni, Ankila J. Hiremath, Abi T. Vanak
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Abstract

Semiarid savanna grasslands (SG) in India deliver enormous benefits to people and nature but are currently undergoing large‐scale degradation. Soil carbon stocks in degraded SGs vary in response to land use and land management changes. Although there is increasing support for restoring grasslands by planting native grass species, its impact on soil carbon recovery is largely unknown. In this study, we undertake a plot‐level investigation of soil and aboveground biomass carbon stocks to provide robust estimates of carbon densities across sites which have undergone restoration over the last 3 years. We compare these restored sites with a no‐intervention control using a space‐for‐time substitution framework and two reference old‐growth grassland sites. We find that SGs store significant amounts of carbon (11.57–26.76 tC/ha across 1‐ to 3‐year restoration sites, respectively), with most of the carbon stored in soils (7.29–15.67 tC/ha across 1‐ to 3‐year restoration sites, respectively). These estimates still remain well below the soil carbon stocks of the reference sites (range of 22.91–39.49 tC/ha). We demonstrate that soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks progressively increase with the age of grass plantings. The 3‐year site shows an increase of 35% in SOC stocks compared to the no‐intervention control and an increase of 30 and 21% in comparison to the 1‐ and 2‐year sites, respectively. Our study demonstrates a robust approach to estimate soil carbon stocks in these ecosystems and highlights that effective conservation and restoration can enable SGs in India to act as natural carbon sinks at scale.
生态系统恢复可促进印度半干旱稀树草原的碳恢复
印度的半干旱热带稀树草原(SG)为人类和自然带来了巨大的利益,但目前正在经历大规模的退化。退化的半干旱热带草原的土壤碳储量因土地利用和土地管理的变化而不同。尽管越来越多的人支持通过种植本地草种来恢复草原,但其对土壤碳恢复的影响在很大程度上还是未知数。在本研究中,我们对土壤和地上生物量碳储量进行了地块级调查,以提供对过去三年中经过恢复的地点的碳密度的可靠估计。我们采用空间-时间替代框架,将这些经过恢复的地点与未进行干预的对照地点以及两个参照的古老草地地点进行了比较。我们发现,SGs 存储了大量的碳(1 至 3 年的恢复地点分别为 11.57-26.76 吨碳/公顷),其中大部分碳存储在土壤中(1 至 3 年的恢复地点分别为 7.29-15.67 吨碳/公顷)。这些估计值仍远低于参照地的土壤碳储量(范围为 22.91-39.49 吨碳/公顷)。我们的研究表明,土壤有机碳(SOC)储量随着植草年限的增加而逐渐增加。与未干预对照相比,种植 3 年的地点的 SOC 储量增加了 35%,与种植 1 年和 2 年的地点相比,分别增加了 30% 和 21%。我们的研究展示了一种估算这些生态系统土壤碳储量的可靠方法,并强调了有效的保护和恢复可使印度的地下水源成为大规模的天然碳汇。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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