Comparison of Drought Stress Responses in Large- and Small-Rooted Rice Lines: Physiological, Anatomical, and Hormonal Changes

IF 3.9 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Yao Guo, Yunfeng Du, Xinze Niu, Yunjing Ma, Guoqing Song, Cougui Cao, Ping Li, Yinglong Chen, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
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Abstract

Drought stress severely restricts crop yields. Changes in root morphology and function are critical to rice performance under drought conditions, affecting water uptake efficiency, hormone regulation, and nutrient absorption. This study explores the responses of two rice lines, IZ036 with a small root system and IZ144 with a large root system, to drought stress (soil water potential of – 30 ± 5 kPa). The results showed that drought stress significantly inhibited the growth and yield of both rice lines by 35.6–58.1%. Under drought stress, the root-to-shoot ratio of IZ144 increased by 17.8–68.0%, while IZ036 decreased by 10.2–59.1%. While IZ036 experienced a significant reduction in leaf water potential under drought stress, no such impact was observed in IZ144. Both varieties exhibited altered tissue anatomy under drought stress, including, reduced leaf vascular size, increased proportion of vascular bundles in root cross-section, and changes in root thickness. Notably, IZ036 displayed cell and vessel shrinkage and leaf deformation. In response to drought stress, both rice lines exhibited elevated concentrations of auxin, salicylic acid and abscisic acid (ABA) in leaves and increased ethylene and gibberellin (GA) in roots. Notably, IZ144 had significantly higher ABA, cytokinin (CTK), GA, and auxin levels in leaves and CTK in roots than IZ036. Overall, our findings highlight the superior drought tolerance of IZ144 over IZ036, as evidenced by enhanced physiological and anatomical performances and more effective hormone distribution in leaves and roots, indicating the importance of root size in determining drought stress resilience in rice.

Abstract Image

大根和小根水稻品系的干旱胁迫反应比较:生理、解剖和激素变化
干旱胁迫严重限制了作物产量。根系形态和功能的变化对水稻在干旱条件下的表现至关重要,会影响水分吸收效率、激素调节和养分吸收。本研究探讨了小根系 IZ036 和大根系 IZ144 这两个水稻品系对干旱胁迫(土壤水势为 - 30 ± 5 kPa)的反应。结果表明,干旱胁迫显著抑制了两个水稻品系的生长和产量,抑制率为 35.6-58.1%。在干旱胁迫下,IZ144 的根芽比增加了 17.8-68.0%,而 IZ036 则减少了 10.2-59.1%。在干旱胁迫下,IZ036 的叶片水势显著下降,而 IZ144 则没有受到这种影响。在干旱胁迫下,两个品种的组织解剖结构都发生了变化,包括叶片维管束尺寸减小、根横截面上的维管束比例增加以及根粗度发生变化。值得注意的是,IZ036 表现出细胞和血管收缩以及叶片变形。在干旱胁迫下,这两个水稻品系的叶片中的辅酶、水杨酸和脱落酸(ABA)浓度升高,根中的乙烯和赤霉素(GA)浓度升高。值得注意的是,与 IZ036 相比,IZ144 叶片中的 ABA、细胞分裂素(CTK)、GA 和辅素水平以及根中的 CTK 水平明显更高。总之,我们的研究结果突出表明,IZ144 的耐旱性优于 IZ036,这表现在其生理和解剖表现更强,激素在叶片和根中的分布更有效,表明根的大小在决定水稻抗旱性方面的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
6.20%
发文量
312
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Plant Growth Regulation is an international publication featuring original articles on all aspects of plant growth and development. We welcome manuscripts reporting question-based research on various aspects of plant growth and development using hormonal, physiological, environmental, genetic, biophysical, developmental and/or molecular approaches. The journal also publishes timely reviews on highly relevant areas and/or studies in plant growth and development, including interdisciplinary work with an emphasis on plant growth, plant hormones and plant pathology or abiotic stress. In addition, the journal features occasional thematic issues with special guest editors, as well as brief communications describing novel techniques and meeting reports. The journal is unlikely to accept manuscripts that are purely descriptive in nature or reports work with simple tissue culture without attempting to investigate the underlying mechanisms of plant growth regulation, those that focus exclusively on microbial communities, or deal with the (elicitation by plant hormones of) synthesis of secondary metabolites.
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