Impact of migration and prediction on heavy metals from soil to groundwater in an abandoned lead/zinc smelting site

IF 3.7 2区 材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Yun-xia Zhang, Zhao-hui Guo, Hui-min Xie, Xi-yuan Xiao, Rui Xu
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Abstract

Long-term metal smelting activities can lead to enrichment and dispersion of heavy metals in the site soil and groundwater. The migration and prediction of heavy metals from soil to groundwater in an abandoned lead/zinc smelting site were studied using machine learning model. The results showed that heavy metals in site soil mainly accumulated in the fill layer, and vertically migrated to groundwater significantly. The mean of Pb, As, and Cd in site soils significantly exceeded the screening value of risk control standard for soil contamination of development land. The mean of Zn, Cd, Pb and As in groundwater exceeded the corresponding groundwater Class VI limit of standard for groundwater quality of China. Soil contamination of heavy metals was serious in the pyrometallurgical area, hydrometallurgical area and raw material storage area, and Cd and Pb in the upper soil layer had a strong migration potential downward with active and reducible state. The synergistic remediation for site soil and groundwater in smelting site was suggested when groundwater level was below 5 m and soil Cd concentration exceeded 344 mg/kg, or when the soil active Pb concentration exceeded 5425 mg/kg.

废弃铅锌冶炼厂土壤中重金属向地下水迁移的影响及预测
长期的金属冶炼活动会导致场地土壤和地下水中重金属的富集和扩散。利用机器学习模型研究了废弃铅锌冶炼场地土壤中重金属向地下水的迁移和预测。结果表明,场地土壤中的重金属主要在填土层中积累,并向地下水垂直迁移。场地土壤中铅、砷和镉的平均值明显超过了开发用地土壤污染风险控制标准的筛选值。地下水中 Zn、Cd、Pb 和 As 的平均值超过了相应的中国地下水质量标准中地下水六类限值。火法冶金区、湿法冶金区和原料储存区土壤重金属污染严重,上部土层中的镉和铅具有较强的向下迁移潜力,且呈活化和还原状态。当地下水位低于 5 米且土壤镉浓度超过 344 毫克/千克,或土壤有效铅浓度超过 5425 毫克/千克时,建议对冶炼场地土壤和地下水进行协同修复。
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来源期刊
Journal of Central South University
Journal of Central South University METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
6.80%
发文量
242
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Focuses on the latest research achievements in mining and metallurgy Coverage spans across materials science and engineering, metallurgical science and engineering, mineral processing, geology and mining, chemical engineering, and mechanical, electronic and information engineering
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