Clinical comparative study of laparoscopic partial splenectomy and open partial splenectomy

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of the article was too investigate and compare the feasibility, safety, and early postoperative recovery associated with laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) and open partial splenectomy (OPS) in patients with benign splenic tumours and traumatic splenic rupture.

Material and methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 110 patients undergoing splenic resection at our hospital between March 2019 and May 2022. Among them, 35 patients underwent OPS, 25 underwent LPS for traumatic splenic rupture, while 50 patients with benign splenic tumours underwent either OPS (n = 20) or LPS (n = 30). Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected and compared. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software.

Results
There was no significant difference in the general data between the 2 groups of patients with benign splenic tumours and those with splenic trauma. Among patients with traumatic splenic rupture, the OPS group had a shorter operation time (p < 0.05). Regardless of whether they had traumatic splenic rupture or benign splenic tumours, the LPS group required less postoperative analgesia and had a shorter defecation recovery time (p < 0.05). Additionally, the LPS group displayed lower white blood cell count, white blood cell/lymphocyte ratio (WLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), calcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) than the OPS group on the first and third days post-surgery (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
In comparison to OPS, LPS presents significant advantages, including minimal surgical trauma, a reduced early postoperative inflammatory response, milder wound pain, and a faster recovery of gastrointestinal function.