A reliable numerical algorithm mixed with hypergeometric function for analyzing fractional variational problems

Abstract

The present study aims to introduce a numerical approach based on the hybrid of block-pulse functions (BPFs), Bernoulli polynomials (BPs), and hypergeometric function for analyzing a class of fractional variational problems (FVPs). The FVPs are made by the Caputo derivative sense. To analyze this problem, first, we create an approximate for the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator for BPFs and BPs of the fractional order. In this framework and using the Gauss-Legendre points, the main problem is converted into a system of algebraic equations. In the follow-up, an accurate upper bound is obtained and some theorems are established on the convergence analysis. Moreover, the computational order of convergence and solvability of the proposed approach are displayed and approximated theoretically and numerically. Meanwhile, the thrust of the proposed scheme is compared with other sophisticated examples in the literature, demonstrating that the process is accurate and efficient.