Distribution patterns of glandular trichomes in the flora of the Hengduan Mountains, southwestern China

IF 2.3 2区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Rui Wu, Shuang Cun, Yong-Qian Gao, Rong Ma, Lin Zhang, Simcha Lev-Yadun, Hang Sun, Bo Song
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Abstract

Glandular trichomes are traditionally regarded as a defence against insect herbivores in plants. A comprehensive examination of their occurrence across an entire flora is essential for understanding how plant-herbivore interactions influence species abundance, traits, and diversity. In this study, we gathered data on the presence of glandular trichomes in a diverse flora comprising 7751 angiosperm species from the Hengduan Mountains region in southwestern China, testing the effects of plant organ, life form, leaf habit, phylogenetic position, and geographical element on the occurrence of glandular trichomes. Our results showed that 1021 species (13.2%) in the studied flora possessed glandular trichomes. Reproductive organs (88.0%) displayed a significantly higher occurrence of glandular trichomes compared to vegetative organs (59.1%). Within flowers, the calyx (81.1%) was the most defended, followed by the corolla (17.4%), and the gynoecium (12.5%). The androecium (1.8%) was the flower component least associated with glandular trichomes. Herbaceous species (14.0%) were more likely to have glandular trichomes than woody species (11.6%). For woody plants, leaf habit (deciduous/evergreen) had no significant effect on the presence of glandular trichomes on leaf blades, but had a significant effect on the occurrence of glandular trichomes on reproductive organs, with deciduous woody species (11.0%) displaying a higher prevalence compared to evergreen woody species (8.3%). Interestingly, the proportion of species with glandular trichomes was notably lower in the tropical elements (6.8%) compared to both temperate and cosmopolitan elements (15.3% and 15.6%, respectively). Our findings suggest that in the Hengduan Mountains region, the evolution of glandular trichomes exhibits distinct patterns among various life forms, plant organs, leaf habits, and geographical elements, while showing limited influence from phylogenetic relatedness, highlighting the remarkable evolutionary adaptability of this defensive plant trait.
中国西南横断山脉植物区系中腺毛体的分布模式
腺毛历来被认为是植物抵御昆虫食草动物的一种手段。要了解植物与食草动物之间的相互作用如何影响物种的丰度、性状和多样性,就必须对整个植物区系中腺毛的出现情况进行全面研究。本研究收集了中国西南横断山脉地区 7751 个被子植物物种的腺毛存在数据,检验了植物器官、生活形态、叶片习性、系统发育位置和地理要素对腺毛存在的影响。结果表明,所研究植物区系中有 1021 种(13.2%)具有腺毛。与营养器官(59.1%)相比,生殖器官(88.0%)的腺毛出现率明显更高。在花朵中,花萼(81.1%)的腺毛最多,其次是花冠(17.4%)和雌蕊群(12.5%)。雄蕊(1.8%)是与腺毛关联最少的花朵成分。草本植物(14.0%)比木本植物(11.6%)更有可能具有腺毛体。对于木本植物来说,叶片习性(落叶/常绿)对叶片上是否存在腺毛体没有显著影响,但对生殖器官上是否出现腺毛体有显著影响,落叶木本物种(11.0%)比常绿木本物种(8.3%)更容易出现腺毛体。有趣的是,热带地区具有腺毛的物种比例(6.8%)明显低于温带和世界性地区(分别为 15.3% 和 15.6%)。我们的研究结果表明,在横断山脉地区,腺毛体的进化在不同的生命形式、植物器官、叶片习性和地理要素之间表现出不同的模式,而系统发育亲缘关系的影响有限,凸显了这一防御性植物性状显著的进化适应性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
54
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society publishes original papers on systematic and evolutionary botany and comparative studies of both living and fossil plants. Review papers are also welcomed which integrate fields such as cytology, morphogenesis, palynology and phytochemistry into a taxonomic framework. The Journal will only publish new taxa in exceptional circumstances or as part of larger monographic or phylogenetic revisions.
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