Psychometric Properties of a Turkish Version of The Psychosocial Needs Inventory; Sampling from Oncology Patients

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Psychosocial Needs Inventory (PNI) among Turkish oncology patients.

Methods

A methodological study was conducted with 1,547 oncology patients. This validation study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 included translation of the PNI according to World Health Organization recommendations, investigation of content validity by experts, and a pilot study involving 136 participants. Phase 2 included a validity and reliability analysis of the PNI. Data analysis comprised exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, test-retest reliability, Hotelling's T² test and item-total score correlation, and the Content Validity Index (CVI).

Results

For the phase 1, the CVI for items and scale were >.75 and .883, respectively. Cronbach's alpha values of the subdimensions ranged between 0.84 and 0.94. The test-retest analyses of the subdimensions showed correlation coefficients based on the pilot test (p < .001). For the phase 2, based on the fit indices in confirmatory factor analysis, the structures of the dimensions “Importance” and “Satisfaction” were acceptable. Cronbach's alpha values of the subdimensions ranged between 0.84 to 0.94 in the “Importance” dimension and 0.86 to 0.94 in the “Satisfaction” dimension. As a result of EFA, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett's test (p < 0.001) and PNI Importance explained at 68.46% and PNI Satisfaction at 70.15% of the total variance by the six-factor structure. CFA showed that the indices and validity, including content validity, convergent validity were satisfactory.

Conclusion

The PNI, which was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool, can be used to determine the psychosocial needs of cancer patients.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Health professionals need to use the PNI to measure their importance to cancer patients' psychosocial needs and assess their satisfaction with meeting them to improve holistic care and support.