The pathway towards decarbonisation and net-zero emissions by 2050: The role of solar energy technology

Abstract

Global warming is an environmental issue that threatens life on Earth. A significant rise in global temperature at the end of the century is estimated to be 2.4 °C, which necessitates action. The growth of energy needs urges scholars/researchers to think about developing suitable solutions. The key goal is to achieve zero-net emissions by 2050 in accordance with the goals outlined in the Paris Agreement (Climate Accords). To accomplish this, it is vital to have a strong strategy that initially includes high emissions reduction goals and addresses the challenges of global warming on our planet. Therefore, by 2050, the global energy strategy aims to eliminate emissions from the energy industry to zero. It is worth noting that most energy of the energy consumed comes from transport, power generation, industry, and buildings. The use of renewable technology is a method that is widely recommended to eliminate such challenges. Solar energy has two main technologies: solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP), which have great potential in fulfilling energy needs. This work provides insight into solar energy technology’s role in global decarbonisation and towards net-zero emissions by 2050 through wide deployment and energy yield. The perspectives of solar energy technologies can save the environment by reducing emissions and energy supply, lowering energy bills, and creating job opportunities. Hence, investment in solar energy and other clean energy technologies will substantially achieve sustainable development in the coming decades; as forecasted, solar energy will have great installation capacity worldwide.