Valorization of engineered biochar to develop ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete with low carbon emission

IF 4.7 3区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials Pub Date : 2024-06-02 DOI:10.1080/21650373.2024.2333270

Ahmed M. Yosri, Osama Zaid, M. Hamad

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Abstract

This research introduces an innovative approach to developing carbon-negative Ultra-High-Performance fiber-reinforced Concrete (UHPC) by incorporating substantial quantities of biochar, both as a binder and as an aggregate, replacing up to 25% by weight of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and quartz sand (QS). The study examines the impact of biochar on cement hydration processes, microstructure evolution, and various other performance metrics in the modified UHPC. Samples were formulated with 3% double-hooked steel fibers and biochar quantities ranging from 5 to 25% by weight as substitutes for OPC and QS. The investigation included assessments of changes in rheological properties, strength metrics, long-term shrinkage, resistance to sulfate attacks, freeze-thaw durability, microstructure analysis, and a cost-benefit evaluation. Test results indicated that biochar-incorporated samples exhibited up to a 20% increase in heat evolution by the end of the seventh day and plastic energy at 28 days that rose to 32.14% as compared to control samples in 20% biochar-augmented versions. Shrinkage reduction varied between 58 and 69% at 210 days for samples with 20% biochar. Specifically, the mix containing 20% biochar (G2-M5-BC-20) significantly improved the 90-day compressive and flexural strength by 8.9 and 9.3%, and 30.6 and 36.8%, respectively, while further inclusion of biochar showed no marked enhancement in performance metrics. The G2-M5-BC-20 mix also demonstrated excellent resistance to sulfate attacks and freeze-thaw cycles, exhibiting the least mass loss and highest residual compressive strength. An initial cost-benefit revealed that biochar-enhanced UHPC could offer compelling financial benefits. Given its mechanical behavior, potential for harmful CO2 emissions, and economic viability, the G2-M5-BC-20 mix emerged as the most promising formulation, potentially generating an overall profit of $36 per cubic meter.

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重视工程生物炭，开发低碳排放的超高性能纤维增强混凝土

本研究介绍了一种开发负碳超高性能纤维增强混凝土（UHPC）的创新方法，即掺入大量生物炭作为粘结剂和骨料，取代重量比高达 25% 的普通波特兰水泥（OPC）和石英砂（QS）。该研究探讨了生物炭对水泥水化过程、微观结构演变以及改性 UHPC 中其他各种性能指标的影响。样品中加入了 3% 的双钩钢纤维和 5% 至 25% 重量百分比的生物炭，作为 OPC 和 QS 的替代品。调查包括评估流变特性的变化、强度指标、长期收缩率、抗硫酸盐侵蚀能力、冻融耐久性、微观结构分析以及成本效益评估。测试结果表明，与生物炭添加量为 20% 的对照样品相比，加入生物炭的样品在第七天结束时的热演化增加了 20%，28 天时的塑性能增加了 32.14%。含 20% 生物炭的样品在 210 天时收缩率降低了 58% 至 69%。具体来说，含 20% 生物炭的混合料（G2-M5-BC-20）可显著提高 90 天的抗压和抗折强度，分别提高 8.9% 和 9.3%，以及 30.6% 和 36.8%，而进一步添加生物炭则不会明显提高性能指标。G2-M5-BC-20 混合料还表现出优异的抗硫酸盐侵蚀和冻融循环能力，质量损失最小，残余抗压强度最高。初步成本效益分析表明，生物炭增强型超高强度混凝土可带来显著的经济效益。鉴于 G2-M5-BC-20 混合料的机械性能、二氧化碳有害排放潜力和经济可行性，它成为最有前途的配方，每立方米可产生 36 美元的总利润。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

15.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials aims to publish theoretical and applied researches on materials, products and structures that incorporate cement. The journal is a forum for discussion of research on manufacture, hydration and performance of cement-based materials; novel experimental techniques; the latest analytical and modelling methods; the examination and the diagnosis of real cement and concrete structures; and the potential for improved cement-based materials. The journal welcomes original research papers, major reviews, rapid communications and selected conference papers. The Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials covers a wide range of topics within its subject category, including but are not limited to: • raw materials and manufacture of cement • mixing, rheology and hydration • admixtures • structural characteristics and performance of cement-based materials • characterisation techniques and modeling • use of fibre in cement based-materials • degradation and repair of cement-based materials • novel testing techniques and applications • waste management