Oocyte Maturation and miRNAs: Studying a Complicate Interaction to Reveal Possible Biomarkers for Female Infertility

Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI:10.3390/diseases12060121

Eleni Nazou, Anastasios Potiris, D. Mavrogianni, E. Drakaki, Aris-Anargyros Vogiatzis, Vaia Sarli, Tereza Vrantza, A. Zikopoulos, Konstantinos Louis, Chara Skentou, Periklis Panagopoulos, Peter Drakakis, S. Stavros

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Abstract

Cellular metabolism, apoptosis, fertilization, and proliferation of granulosa cells belong to a battery of processes where microRNAs can be detected and associated with infertility. The aim of the present review is to focus on mammalian oocyte maturation events and the association between oocyte growth and miRNA expression. PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Scopus databases were searched, and 33 studies were included. Regarding the correlation among miRNA expression and the regulation of granulosa cells and cumulus cells, the most important miRNAs were let-7b, let-7c and miR-21. Additionally, the loss of Dicer, an enzyme involved in miRNA biogenesis, is probably a crucial factor in oogenesis, oocyte maturation and embryogenesis. Furthermore, miRNAs interfere with different cellular mechanisms like apoptosis, steroidogenesis, genome integrity, angiogenesis, antioxidative response and, consequently, oocyte maturation. Hence, it is of major importance to clarify the role and mechanism of each miRNA as understanding its action may develop new tools and establish new diagnostic and treatment approaches for infertility and ovarian disorders.

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卵母细胞成熟与 miRNA：研究复杂的相互作用，揭示女性不孕症的可能生物标志物

细胞新陈代谢、细胞凋亡、受精和颗粒细胞增殖等一系列过程都可以检测到microRNA，而且这些过程都与不孕症有关。本综述旨在重点探讨哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟事件以及卵母细胞生长与 miRNA 表达之间的关联。我们检索了 PubMed/Medline、谷歌学术和 Scopus 数据库，共纳入 33 项研究。关于miRNA表达与颗粒细胞和积层细胞调控的相关性，最重要的miRNA是let-7b、let-7c和miR-21。此外，参与 miRNA 生物发生的酶 Dicer 的缺失可能是影响卵子发生、卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发生的关键因素。此外，miRNA 还会干扰不同的细胞机制，如细胞凋亡、类固醇生成、基因组完整性、血管生成、抗氧化反应，进而影响卵母细胞的成熟。因此，弄清每种 miRNA 的作用和机制非常重要，因为了解其作用可以开发新的工具，建立新的诊断和治疗不孕症和卵巢疾病的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Diseases

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