Influence of Ex-Convicts’ Age Range and Educational Status on Family Social Support in their Reintegration into the Community: Implications for Correctional Services’ Rehabilitation Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa

E-Journal of Religious and Theological Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI:10.38159/erats.202410611

M. L. Shammah

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Abstract

This study examined the influence of the age range and educational status of ex-convicts on family social support and their reintegration into the community. Forty (40) male ex-convicts (participants) were drawn from the Minimum Security Correctional Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. They responded to a modified version of the “Interpersonal support evaluation list: shortened version-12 items-scale (Cohen, Merstein, Kamarek & Hoberman, 1985), adopted for the study. A One-Way between group means analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine whether there were age range and educational status differences in the influence of family social support in the reintegration of the ex-convicts into the community. The results revealed that the age range has no statistical significance difference at .05 level for the three groups; F (2, 37) =2.003, P>0.05. This means ex-convicts’ age range did not influence the type of social support given to them by members of their families during their reintegration into the community. As such, the first hypothesis was not upheld. With regards to educational status, the analysis showed a statistically significant difference at .05 level for the four groups; F (3, 37) =22.38, P<0.05. This means ex-convicts’ educational status has a significant influence on the type of family social support given to them during their reintegration into the community. As such, it was concluded that ex-convicts need crime-focused rehabilitation services in addition to the basic general rehabilitation services given to inmates to enhance the various levels of social support given to ex-convicts during their reintegrated into their communities. The findings were discussed in line with existing relevant literature. In doing so, it was discovered that the findings of the research can contribute to the training of Correctional Personnel and enhance their rehabilitation programs and techniques. Keywords: Influence, Ex-convicts’ Age and Educational Variables, Family Social Support, Reintegration into the Community

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刑满释放人员的年龄范围和教育状况对其重返社区过程中家庭社会支持的影响：对撒哈拉以南非洲惩教服务机构康复计划的影响

本研究探讨了刑满释放人员的年龄范围和教育状况对家庭社会支持及其重返社会的影响。四十（40）名男性刑满释放人员（参与者）来自尼日利亚纳萨拉瓦州凯菲最低警戒教养中心。他们对本研究采用的修订版 "人际支持评估表：缩减版-12 项量表（Cohen、Merstein、Kamarek 和 Hoberman，1985 年）"进行了回答。为确定家庭社会支持对刑满释放人员重返社会的影响是否存在年龄范围和教育状况的差异，研究人员进行了单向组间均值方差分析（ANOVA）。结果显示，在 0.05 水平上，年龄范围对三个组别没有统计学意义上的差异；F（2，37）=2.003，P>0.05。这说明刑满释放人员的年龄范围并不影响其家庭成员在其重返社会过程中给予他们的社会支持类型。因此，第一个假设不成立。在教育状况方面，分析表明四个组别的差异在 0.05 水平上有统计学意义；F（3，37）=22.38，P<0.05。这说明刑满释放人员的受教育程度对他们在重返社会过程中获得的家庭社会支持类型有重大影响。因此，得出的结论是，除了为囚犯提供基本的一般康复服务外，前罪犯还需要以犯罪为重点的康复服务，以加强前罪犯在重返社区期间所获得的不同程度的社会支持。研究结果与现有的相关文献进行了讨论。在此过程中，研究人员发现，研究结果有助于惩教人员的培训，并能加强他们的康复计划和技术：影响、刑满释放人员的年龄和教育变量、家庭社会支持、重返社区

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E-Journal of Religious and Theological Studies

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