Evaluating the Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with COPD and Chronic Heart Failure Post-Hospitalization after COVID-19 Using the EQ-5D and KCCQ Questionnaires

Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI:10.3390/diseases12060124
Ilona Emoke Sukosd, S. T. Gadde, Myneni Pravallika, S. Pescariu, Mihaela Prodan, Ana-Olivia Toma, Roxana Manuela Fericean, Ingrid Hrubaru, Oana Silvana Sarău, O. Fira-Mladinescu
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Abstract

Chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently coexist, significantly impacting health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study evaluated HRQoL in patients with CHF, COPD, or both, three months post-COVID-19 discharge using EQ-5D and KCCQ questionnaires to guide targeted healthcare interventions. We conducted a cross-sectional study at “Victor Babes” Hospital in Timisoara, enrolling 180 patients who had recovered from COVID-19 (60 in each group including CHF, COPD, and both conditions). HRQoL was assessed via EQ-5D and KCCQ. Significant disparities in HRQoL measures were noted across the groups. Patients with both CHF and COPD reported the worst outcomes, especially in terms of hospital stay lengths due to COVID-19 (11.63 days) and initial oxygen saturation levels (88.7%). HRQoL improvements from discharge to three months post-discharge were significant, with EQ-5D mobility scores improving notably across all groups (CHF and COPD: 2.87 to 2.34, p = 0.010). KCCQ results reflected substantial enhancements in physical limitation (CHF and COPD: 38.94 to 58.54, p = 0.001) and quality of life scores (CHF and COPD: 41.38 to 61.92, p = 0.0031). Regression analysis revealed that dual diagnosis (CHF and COPD) significantly impacted usual activities and quality of life (β = −0.252, p = 0.048; β = −0.448, p = 0.017), whereas the initial severity of COVID-19 was a significant predictor of worse HRQoL outcomes (β = −0.298, p = 0.037; β = −0.342, p = 0.024). The presence of both CHF and COPD in patients recovering from COVID-19 was associated with more severe HRQoL impairment compared with either condition alone. These findings emphasize the need for specialized, comprehensive post-COVID-19 recovery programs that address the complex interplay among chronic conditions to optimize patient outcomes and enhance quality of life.
使用 EQ-5D 和 KCCQ 问卷评估 COPD 和慢性心力衰竭患者在 COVID-19 住院后的健康相关生活质量
慢性心力衰竭(CHF)和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)经常并存,严重影响健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)。本研究使用 EQ-5D 和 KCCQ 问卷对 CHF、COPD 或两者患者在 COVID-19 出院后三个月的 HRQoL 进行了评估,以指导有针对性的医疗干预措施。我们在蒂米什瓦拉的 "Victor Babes "医院开展了一项横断面研究,共招募了 180 名从 COVID-19 中康复的患者(每组 60 人,包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者、慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者或同时患有这两种疾病的患者)。HRQoL 通过 EQ-5D 和 KCCQ 进行评估。各组在 HRQoL 测量方面存在显著差异。同时患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患者的治疗效果最差,尤其是在因 COVID-19 导致的住院时间(11.63 天)和初始血氧饱和度水平(88.7%)方面。从出院到出院后三个月,患者的 HRQoL 有了显著改善,所有组别的 EQ-5D 移动能力评分都有明显改善(CHF 和 COPD:2.87 到 2.34,p = 0.010)。KCCQ 结果表明,身体限制(慢性阻塞性肺病和慢性肺疾病:38.94 至 58.54,p = 0.001)和生活质量评分(慢性阻塞性肺病和慢性肺疾病:41.38 至 61.92,p = 0.0031)均有显著提高。回归分析表明,双重诊断(CHF 和 COPD)对日常活动和生活质量有显著影响(β = -0.252,p = 0.048;β = -0.448,p = 0.017),而 COVID-19 的初始严重程度是 HRQoL 结果较差的重要预测因素(β = -0.298,p = 0.037;β = -0.342,p = 0.024)。COVID-19 患者同时患有慢性心力衰竭和慢性阻塞性肺病时,其 HRQoL 受损程度比单独患有这两种疾病时更严重。这些发现强调了COVID-19术后康复计划的专业性和全面性,这些计划应能解决慢性疾病之间复杂的相互作用,以优化患者的预后并提高生活质量。
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