The Topography of Eastern and Western Georgian Monuments

Abstract

Today more than 70 Pre-farming cultural monuments are discovered on the territory of Transcaucasisa. On the territory of Eastern Georgia, The Pre-farming culture, known as The Shulaveri-Shomutepe culture is familiar, which is more developed and relatively better preserved than The Neolithic settlements of Western Georgia. The topography of Western Georgia with a range of peculiarities is radically different from the types of the Eastern Georgian Neolithic settlements. The Shulaveri-Shomutepe settlement, which is known as the Shulaveri culture, is discovered in Eastern Georgia. During the study of the monument the scientists discovered the homes built with muud-bricks. Their design is round or cone-shaped. The settlement types and dwelling environment proves the sign of long life of numerous populations. In Eastern Georgia only the Late Neolithic monuments are found. Because of the warm climate of Western Georgia, the Neolithic human must have lived in a wicker peasant typed house. This conditioned sign of structures is not evident in the West. Only the pits for posts and economical purposes are discovered. So, the remains found in the earth which were used for rebuilding the weaker peasant typed houses that were out of order, only helps the increase of cultural layers insignificantly. According to the topographical layout and scientific observation, consequential migration of the Neolithic settlements from the mountain to the plain is evident according to the epoch. This is the sign of the fast evolution of society. In terms of topography, Western Georgian Neolithic monuments greatly differ. Shulaveri-Shomutepe cultural settlements are presented on the man-made hills and are relatively more developed than the Eastern Georgian settlements. Only very thin layers are presented in Western Georgia. The main thing is that the monuments of all periods are confirmed in the West as well as in the East, which is very important. Today the peculiarities of Neolithic culture remain the subject of discussion and need the search of new resources. The discovery and study of new artifacts may cause the becoming out-of-date of the Neolithic Era and arising of new questions.