Surface Integrity of 316L Steel Machined Sequentially by Wire EDM and Wire ECM

Thomas Van Riel , Jun Qian , Bert Lauwers
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Abstract

This research investigates the surface properties of 316L stainless steel machined by combining two wire electro manufacturing processes on a single machining platform, i.e., wire EDM roughing and wire ECM finishing. While the former is well known in industry, the latter has not yet seen much industrial use but can improve the surface integrity since it does not generate heat to achieve material removal, avoiding several EDM (semi)finishing passes at reduced sparking energies. With applications in the medical, energy, and aerospace fields, this research focuses on characterizing the machined surfaces with respect to the surface defects and the chemical composition. The studied surface properties include the (sub)surface morphology with respect to micro cracks and heat related damage introduced by wire EDM, and the mechanism of their removal by wire ECM finishing. The chemical composition of the surface is furthermore evaluated to characterize the contamination of the workpiece material by the tool electrode material. The manufactured samples are studied using a profilometer to quantify material removal and the resulting roughness. Metallographic analysis is carried out by optical microscopy and SEM with EDX. Initial results show an average surface roughness below 0.1 µm Ra by applying a wire ECM finishing pass after wire EDM.

用电火花线切割和电火花线切割顺序加工 316L 钢的表面完整性
本研究调查了在单一加工平台上结合两种线电极制造工艺(即线电极放电加工粗加工和线电极放电加工精加工)加工出的 316L 不锈钢的表面特性。前者在工业中已广为人知,而后者在工业中的应用还不多,但由于它不产生热量来实现材料去除,可在降低火花能量的情况下避免多次放电加工(半)精加工,因此可提高表面完整性。该技术应用于医疗、能源和航空航天领域,研究重点是表征加工表面的表面缺陷和化学成分。研究的表面特性包括与线切割加工引入的微裂纹和热相关损伤有关的(亚)表面形态,以及线切割加工去除这些缺陷的机制。此外,还对表面的化学成分进行了评估,以确定工具电极材料对工件材料的污染情况。使用轮廓仪对制造的样品进行研究,以量化材料去除和由此产生的粗糙度。金相分析是通过光学显微镜和带有 EDX 的扫描电镜进行的。初步结果显示,在线切割放电加工后进行一次线切割放电加工精加工,平均表面粗糙度低于 0.1 µm Ra。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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CiteScore
3.80
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